COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION RESULTS AND INCOME OF PARTNER RICE FARMERS WITH NON-PARTNERS

One of the goals of Indonesia's agricultural development is to realize food security through increasing production yields as well as increasing the income of the main actors (farmers) in agricultural development. This study aims to analyze the differences in production and income of lowland rice farming by farmers who are involved in the agricultural extension partnership program with farmers who are not involved in the partnership program by using different technology packages in North Aceh Regency. Analysis of the data used is the T test of two unrelated samples (Independent Samples T Test). The results of the study showed that there were differences in the production and income of the partner farmers of the agricultural extension program at the research location as much as 7,369.44/Kg/MT/Ha with an income of Rp. 21,352. 800 MT/Ha while the production of non-agricultural extension partners is 6,004.28Kg/MT/Ha with an income of Rp. 13,678,100 MT/Ha. The calculated T value for production is 440, 87 and the T table is 1.993 while the T calculated income is 33,214 and the T table is 1,993. Farmers who are members of the agricultural extension partnership program have higher production and income than non-partner farmers.

demand for rice in line with population growth of +1.9% per year, where the demand for rice for 2025 is predicted to reach 78 million tons. One of the efforts to increase production is through intensification by improving rice cultivation technology (BPS, 2018).
The increase in domestic rice production in recent years does not mean that the food problem has been resolved. The problem faced by the Indonesian people is that population growth is faster than the ability to produce food. If the productivity of farming, especially food ingredients, can be increased in accordance with the rate of increase in population, the food problem can be solved. To increase farm productivity, technology is needed that continues to develop. In addition, high productivity can also be obtained through the efficient use of production facilities.
Data from the Central Statistics Agency of Aceh Province (2018) shows that one of the main strategic commodities of food crops that has been developed is lowland rice in Aceh Province. Data in 2018 shows the potential for rice fields of 297,642 ha with a planting area of 495,027 ha and an average production of 5 tons, the potential production reaches 2,475,135 tons or equivalent to 1.22 million tons of rice.
Based on BPS data sources in 2017, North Aceh Regency is the largest rice-producing area with a planting area of 45,485 hectares and a total production of 373,153 tons with an average productivity of 5.6 tons/ha. These data indicate that North Aceh Regency has a very large role in determining the success of Aceh Province in achieving the title of a national food barn. However, a large planted area and high production at certain times are not enough as a guarantee if it is not followed by an increase in productivity evenly.
To increase rice productivity, it must be accompanied by the use of modern technology and superior seeds. Now in Indonesia, there are many superior rice varieties, one of which is the IPB 3S variety which has been released since 2012. IPB 3S rice was able to give a muri record, which recorded a productivity of 8.5 Tons/Hectare GKG, 3 tons higher than the average of 5-6 Tons GKG/Hectare on average. IPB 3S rice in one harvest is able to produce harvested dry grain of 11.2 -13.4 Tons/Ha (Aswidinnor H et all 2016)

2.RESEARCH METHOD
This research was conducted in North Aceh District. The research location was determined purposively with the consideration that North Aceh Regency is one of the well-developed agricultural areas and as an adaptation test area for the superior rice varieties of IPB 3S in its implementation implementing the extension partnership program.
The scope of this research is only limited to analyzing the comparative production and income between partner farmers who use IPB 3S rice varieties and non partner farmers who use Ciherang rice varieties. The object of the research is partner farmers who cultivate IPB 3S rice varieties and non-partner farmers who cultivate Ciherang varieties of rice.
Sources of data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained directly in the field by means of observation, interviews with respondents, namely farmers, using questionnaires. Secondary data, namely data obtained from various sources or agencies related to this research, namely literature, local government and the Department of Agriculture The population of this research is partner farmers who use IPB 3S rice varieties and non partner farmers who cultivate Ciherang varieties of rice. Determination of respondents was done by using the Simple Random Sampling method. The number of respondents who were selected as samples in this study were 72 people, 42 samples were taken from 84 partner farmers who used rice seeds of the IPB 3S variety and 30 samples were taken from 60 non-partner farmers who used rice seeds of the Ciherang variety.
The data analysis used in this research is qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Qualitative analysis is used to find out the general picture and explain the costs and income of partner farmers who use rice seeds of IPB 3S variety and non partner farmers who use Ciherang variety in research locations which are described descriptively. Quantitative analysis used is cost analysis, production comparison analysis and income analysis of partner farmers with non partner farmers.
According to Suratiyah, (2006)  Different tests were carried out on the production and income of partner farmers and non partner farmers using the T test analysis. The formula used is T test for two unrelated samples (Independent Samples T Test). If the sample of the first group is not equal to the number of samples of the second group (n1 n2) and the variance is homogeneous, then the Polled Variance formula is used as follows: However, if the variance is not homogeneous, then the Separated Variance formula is used as follows: Information: X ̅ 1 = Average production and income of partner farmers' rice farming X ̅ 2 = Average production and income of non-partner rice farmers n1 = Number of partner farmer respondents n2 = Number of non-partner farmer respondents 1 2 = Variance of average production and farm incomepartner rice farmers 2 2 = Variance of average production and income of rice farmingnon partner farmers (Sugiyono, 2010).

3.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Extension of the pattern of extension partnerships by involving the parties will contribute to the implementation of agricultural extension for farmers. This is in accordance with research in Nepal wherefarmer groups and cooperatives, national and national non-governmental organizations, Community Based Organizations and several private entities provide personal extension services to support agricultural extension activities (Dhital, 2017). Interventions to increase the selling price of farmers' seeds, access to extension services, infrastructure support and market availability will increase the involvement of farmer households in the absorption of rice cultivation technology offered by extension workers (Mesfin, A. H, Zemedu, L. 2018) Partner farmers have also not fully implemented the IPB-Prima cultivation technology package offered by the administrators and higher education institutions, both in the use of production facilities and cultivation processes and agricultural mechanization. This is in line with the results of research by khairunnisa et al 2019; In the decision to adopt IPB Prima Technology, farmers have reused straw on agricultural land and have carried out rice cultivation in accordance with the recommendations of IPB-Best Practice, but farmers have never decomposed straw using a decomposer and are still rarely in the application of agricultural mechanization.
OnIn the research location, there are also farmers who do not participate in the partnership extension program (non-partners) and the majority of them are in the process of cultivating rice using the Ciherang variety, which is provided by the government through the Agricultural Extension Center at the research location.

Labor
PowerWork is an absolute factor and is needed by every business. The types of labor activities that are compared between partner farmers and non-partners include the use of labor for activities (soaking seeds, making seeding sites, planting, spraying, fertilizing, weeding, harvesting. The average workforce used in partner farmers' and non-partner's rice farming is shown in table 1 below: FromTable 1 can be seen that the average workforce used for partner farmers' rice farming using IPB 3S rice seeds is greater than the use of labor in the family for non partner farmers' rice farming using Ciherang variety rice seeds.

Use of Equipment
Equipment is an important component in the activities of a business. The equipment used in partner farmers' and non-partner farmers' rice farming includes; hoes, machetes, and handspayers. Details of the use of equipment in rice farming of IPB 3S and Ciherang varieties in Sawang District, North Aceh Regency can be seen in table 2 and table 3 below:  Source: Primary Data (processed), 2020.
FromTables 2 and 3 above can be seen that the depreciation cost of equipment for partner farmers' rice farming is greater than the depreciation cost for non partner farmers' rice equipment. This is because partner farmers' rice farming uses more equipment in the application of the technology package compared to non partner farmers' rice farming

Production Cost
Production costs are all the values of production factors needed to carry out a farming business. The production costs referred to in this study include all costs used in farming activities, both by partner farmers and non-partner farmers. Production costs used in partner and non partner rice farming include; tractor costs, production facilities costs, equipment depreciation costs, labor costs and other costs.

Production Results and Income
Income is the difference between the production value and the costs incurred in a production process in a certain period. The size of the income obtained by farmers is strongly influenced by the high and low production yields and costs incurred. The average income of partner farmers' rice farming with non-partners can be seen in the following table:  Table 5 shows that the average rice production of partner farmers is significantly different from that of non-partner farmers, partner farmers' rice farms earn higher incomes than non-partner farmers' rice farms. The rice produced by partner farmers who use IPB 3S variety seeds produced in the research location is mostly used for seeds so that the selling price is more expensive than rice produced by non-partner farmers. The income obtained by partner farmers' rice farming reaches Rp. 21,352,803.17 while the income earned by non-partner rice farmers only reached Rp. 13,678,110.98. So the difference in income obtained is Rp. 7,674,692.19, the difference in income is obtained because the amount of production and selling prices are different. This is in line with Ahmed, AU at al (2016) and Himire, R at al (2015) The use of superior seeds in addition to having an impact on improving welfare will also reduce hunger and food insecurity in developing countries. This is also in line with the research of Achmad Rifa'I, Salman Samir. (2019) which states; The use of new (superior) seed varieties has a positive impact on farmers' welfare. Improved and good seeds will produce good quality rice so that it increases the selling price in the market and ultimately affects the welfare of farmers for a better life.
Based on the results of interviews at the research location, it was found that there was a gap in the potential yield of superior seeds with the production yields obtained by partner and nonpartner farmers. This condition is in line with the results of research by Andini et al (2012) which states that rice productivity at the farm level still shows a fairly high yield gap compared to the potential that can be achieved. The reason is that the use of superior seeds of high potential varieties (certified seeds) is still low at around 53%.
In table 6 below, if the price of the production of partner and non-partner farmers is the same. then we will get an overview of the results as follows.

Comparison of Production and Income
In analyzing whether there are differences in production and income between partner farmers' rice farming and non partner farmers' rice farming, two things are done: testing whether there is a similarity in variance and testing whether there are differences in production and income for the two treatment groups.

Test for Similarity of Variety (Variance)
To find out the difference in production and income of partner farmers and non partner farmers, a uniformity test was first performed using the F test. The calculation results obtained that the calculated F value for rice production was 1.03 while the calculated F value for income was 1, 22 (appendix 16).
F Nilai valuetable with an error rate of 5%, at df1 = 2 and df2 = 70 is 3.13. So from these results it can be seen that the calculated F value for rice production is smaller than the F

a. The Difference Test of Partner Farmers and Non Partner Farmers
To perform a difference test, we must first know the T arithmetic formula for homogeneous variance and the number of samples of the first group is not the same as the number of samples of the second group. The formula used in this calculation is the T formula for calculating the type of Polled Variance.
ResultsThe calculation shows that the calculated T value for rice production is 440.87, while the calculated T value for income is 33.214.17. While the value of t table at the 5% level of n = 72 is 1,993. Based on these calculations, it turns out that the calculated T value for rice production is greater than the T table value (440.87 > 1.993) while the calculated T value for income is greater than the T table value (33,214.17 > 1.993), thus Ho is rejected. and ha accepted. From this, it can be seen that there is a significant difference between partner farmers' rice farming and non partner farmers' rice farming.
The average income of IPB 3S rice farming is greater than the average income of Ciherang variety (Table 5). The income of partner farmers' rice farming is higher due to higher production and selling prices (Rp 5,000,-). Non-partner rice farming farmers get lower production than partner farmers' rice farms, and the selling price of production is lower (Rp 4,800, -), so that their income is smaller than rice farming Farmers who are involved in partnership counseling program activities carried out by farmers partners (local government, universities, private sector, and farmer institutions). This is in line with the research findings of Fakhruddin Y et all (2018) where partner farmers have higher incomes when compared to non-partner farmers.

4.CONCLUSION
Based on the results of data analysis and discussion, the conclusions obtained are: 1. The average production obtained by partner farmers using IPB 3S rice varieties in the research area is 7,369.44/Kg/MT/Ha and the average production obtained by non-partner farmers using Ciherang rice varieties in the study area is 6,004.28/Kg /MT/Ha. 2. The average income obtained by rice partner farmers who use the IPB 3S variety in the research area is Rp21,352,803.17/MT/Ha and the average income of non-partner rice farmers using the Ciherang variety in the study area is Rp13,678,110.98/MT/Ha.

5.RECOMMENDATION
1. For partners to be able to apply the IPB-PRIMA technology package in the cultivation of IPB 3S rice varieties properly and correctly. For non-partner farmers to be able to adopt a farmer technology package that has been tested and is able to increase the average yield of productivity per Planting Season (MT)/ Hectare (Ha). 2. For all farmers (partner farmers and non-partners) optimizing cooperation between local governments, universities, private parties, and farmer institutions in the process of adopting innovations in the use of superior seeds in their farming activities.