Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI)

ANALYSIS OF FOOD SECURITY INDEX IN EAST JAVA: A SPATIAL APPROACH AND POLICY PROJECTION

Mochammad Iskandar Zulkarnain — 2025-06-30

This study aims to analyze food security in East Java Province using a quantitative spatial approach and statistical projection. Secondary data from 2019 to 2023 were obtained from BPS (Statistics Indonesia), BKP (Food Security Agency), and the Ministry of Agriculture, covering indicators of food availability, accessibility, and utilization. The analysis was conducted using ArcGIS software for map visualization and the Single Exponential Smoothing (SES) method for projecting the Food Security Index for 2024. Spatial analysis revealed disparities in food security across regions: northern and western districts tend to be classified as "very resilient," while eastern regions and Madura Island, such as Bangkalan and Bondowoso, remain in the "resilient" category with high vulnerability levels. The 2024 Food Security Index projection presents three scenarios: optimistic (91.62), moderate (82.94), and pessimistic (73.91). Food security is strongly influenced by poverty, low Farmer’s Terms of Trade (NTP), limited infrastructure, and dependence on rice commodities. This study emphasizes the importance of data-driven policies, strengthening food distribution systems, investing in women’s education, and utilizing geospatial technology for monitoring and mitigating food crises. These findings reinforce the view that high food production alone does not guarantee food security without equitable access and adequate nutritional utilization. The study provides a foundation for formulating sustainable food security strategies aligned with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) number 2.

HARMONIZATION OF LAW AND ECONOMIC POLICY IN REALIZING VISION OF GOLDEN INDONESIA 2045

Hadi Mulyo Wibowo — 2025-06-19

The Vision of Golden Indonesia 2045 is a strategic projection towards a developed country that is sovereign, just, and prosperous, which requires integration between a strong legal system and economic policies that are oriented towards sustainable and inclusive development. This study aims to analyze how harmonization between law and economic policy can support the achievement of this vision, as well as identify the main challenges in creating synergy between the national legal system and the direction of consistent and adaptive economic policies. The method used is a qualitative-descriptive approach with a literature review of regulations, economic policies, and national planning documents such as the 2025–2045 RPJPN, as well as a study of the practice of implementing economic law in the context of globalization and the digital era. The results of the analysis show that the harmonization of economic law and policy has not been optimal due to overlapping regulations, weak law enforcement, and minimal coordination between policy-making institutions. On the other hand, factors such as legal certainty, investment protection, fair fiscal policy, and support for MSMEs greatly determine the success of long-term economic development. In conclusion, harmonization of law and economic policy is a fundamental prerequisite in realizing the Vision of Golden Indonesia 2045. Systematic regulatory reform, increased capacity of legal institutions, and integration of economic policies that are in line with the principles of social justice, environmental sustainability, and global competitiveness are needed. These synergistic efforts must be carried out consistently by involving public participation, business actors, and law enforcement agencies so that national development can run inclusively and sustainably.

FRAUD IN THE BUMN ENVIRONMENT: ISO 37001:2016 AS AN ANTI-BRIBERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (SMAP)

Azkia Nur Aulia — 2025-06-24

Fraud or fraud in State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) is still a serious problem that threatens the integrity and accountability of state-owned corporations. This study aims to analyze the contribution and strategy of strengthening the application of ISO 37001:2016 as an Anti-Bribery Management System (SMAP) in preventing fraud in the BUMN environment. This research uses a normative juridical method with a statutory approach, conceptual approach, and comparative approach. The results showed that ISO 37001:2016 plays an important role in forming an internal control system. A comparative study of PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara (Persero) and PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk shows the successful implementation of ISO 37001:2016, while PT Dok and Perkapalan Surabaya (Persero) has not implemented the standard. This study recommends that all SOEs adopt ISO 37001:2016 substantively, strengthening institutional capacity, integrating governance systems and managerial commitment consistently to build a fraud-free business.

DEVELOPMENT OF A FOUNDATIONAL PLAY-BASED INTERVENTION MODEL THROUGH PARENT AND PAUD TEACHER COLLABORATION TO ENHANCE SOCIAL SKILLS IN AUTISTIC CHILDREN

Esty Faatinisa — 2025-07-02

Play is widely recognized as an effective method for enhancing social skills in autistic children. However, play involves developmental stages that necessitate alignment with the child's specific play abilities. Consequently, there is a need for a play-based intervention model that can be utilized by parents and early childhood education teachers to improve social skills in autistic children within Early Childhood Education (PAUD) settings. This study aimed to develop an effective play-based model for enhancing social skills in autistic children by maximizing the roles of both parents and teachers. This research employed a mixed-methods approach using an Exploratory Sequential Design. Research data were obtained from two playgroup (Kober) teachers, three mothers of autistic children attending these playgroups, and three autistic children who served as the primary intervention subjects. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentation. Qualitative data were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Meanwhile, quantitative data were analyzed using the Single Subject Research (SSR) method, focusing on within-condition and between-condition analyses, as well as calculating the average skill improvement of the subjects. The research findings indicate that: (1) The social skills of autistic children were notably low, particularly in eye contact ability and imitation behavior, which are fundamental social skills for autistic children. (2) The play patterns implemented by teachers and parents thus far tended not to consider the child's developmental stage and play abilities. (3) The model's development was based on empirical studies (needs analysis) and a comprehensive literature review that informed the concept and implementation process of the foundational play-based intervention model for parent-teacher collaboration. (4) Based on the evaluation, the foundational play-based intervention model involving parent-teacher collaboration was found to be effective in enhancing the social skills of autistic children, specifically in their eye contact ability and imitation behavior.

TRANSLATION STRATEGY OF CULTURAL TERMS IN THE SUBJECT OF THE FILM "KUCUMBU TUBUH INDAHKU" AS A FORM OF RESISTANCE AND NEGOTIATION

Miftah Farhantia Zamroni — 2025-09-28

This study examines the translation strategies of cultural terms in the subtitles of a film entitled “Kucumbu Tubuh Indahku” (Memories of My Body) by Garin Nugroho, focusing on their role as acts of cultural resistance and negotiation. The research aims to (1) identify and describe the strategies used to translate culture-specific terms, (2) analyze how these strategies reflect tendencies toward foreignization (resistance) and domestication (negotiation), and (3) interpret their contribution to the construction of character identity and the representation of Javanese culture to international audiences. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a comparative approach. The primary data consists of two subtitle transcripts of the same movie, analyzed using Newmark's (1988) procedures for translating cultural terms, Gottlieb's (1992) subtitle strategies, Venuti's (1995) domestication and foreignization ideology, and the framework of social actor representation. The analysis reveals 85 culture-specific items distributed across five categories: social culture, ecology, social organizations, gestures and habits, and material culture. The most frequently applied strategies are transference, functional equivalence, paraphrase, adaptation, and substitution. The findings indicate that foreignization functions as cultural resistance by preserving key terms such as warok, lengger, and gemblak, while domestication functions as negotiation through strategies such as generalization, condensation, and adaptation. Drawing on social actor representation, the study shows that cultural identity in subtitles is articulated through practices of nomination, categorization, and functionalization, which illustrates how both the characters and Javanese culture are recontextualized in a global setting. Overall, the study argues that subtitling is not merely a linguistic transfer but an ideological arena that actively shapes perceptions of identity and cultural representation in international discourse.

THE APPLICATION OF TAX SANCTIONS ON AWARENESS AND COMPLIANCE OF MOTOR VEHICLE TAXPAYERS AT THE MAJENE DISTRICT SAMSAT OFFICE

Muhammad Mukhram — 2025-06-19

This study examines the impact of tax sanctions on the awareness and compliance of motor vehicle taxpayers at the Majene Regency Samsat Office. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research collected quantitative data from 120 respondents through questionnaires and qualitative data through observations and interviews with Samsat employees. The results indicate that while taxpayers perceive tax sanctions positively, their influence on increasing awareness and compliance remains limited. Quantitative findings show compliance rates have stagnated below 50% from 2019 to 2022, with many taxpayers citing forgetfulness, financial constraints, or indifference, particularly among upper-class individuals, as reasons for non-compliance. Qualitative insights further reveal that sanctions, typically administrative fines, are insufficient to create a deterrent effect. Employees act as facilitators, yet enforcement lacks the rigor to alter taxpayer behavior substantially. The study’s factor analysis supports the validity and reliability of the instruments used, and results suggest the need for complementary strategies, such as reward mechanisms for timely taxpayers and more tangible penalties (e.g., temporary withholding of vehicle documents). The research highlights the necessity of tailoring enforcement mechanisms to diverse taxpayer characteristics to promote voluntary tax compliance and improve local revenue outcomes effectively.

AI AND GRIT TO IMPROVE PRINCIPALS' MANAGERIAL COMPETENCY USING THE ADDIE-SDGS MODEL

Iwan Sunarya Iqnasus Panjaitan — 2025-07-06

Introduction: School performance and instructional quality are directly impacted by the managerial competencies that principals must develop through effective training. In today's changing educational environment, strengths-based and resilience-building techniques are crucial, but they are frequently not integrated into traditional training paradigms. Together with Appreciative Inquiry (AI) and Grit, the ADDIE framework provides a thorough method for creating durable leadership skills that are in line with the objectives of global development. Objective: Using the ADDIE framework in conjunction with Appreciative Inquiry and Grit, this study attempts to create a training management model for school principals that is focused on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in order to enhance their managerial skills. Methods: Expert interviews, focus groups, and observations were used to gather qualitative data using a mixed-methods methodology in the context of research and development (R&D). N-Gain Score computations, paired-sample t-tests, and validity testing were used to assess quantitative data. The participants were purposefully chosen high school principals from the North Sumatra Region I Education Office. Results: With an Aiken's V of 0.90, the created SDGs training management model showed high validity. With an N-Gain Score of 0.73, which is considered strong, the model clearly enhanced managerial competencies. While the Grit component improved resilience and tenacity in handling managerial obstacles, the Appreciative Inquiry component promoted strengths-based leadership. Results indicate that combining ADDIE with AI and Grit results in a versatile and successful training approach that fosters long-term leadership growth. By focusing on resilience and positive capabilities, this method differs from traditional problem-focused training and meets the demands of modern educational leadership. The model's versatility and potential for digitization further increase its suitability for use in a range of educational settings. Conclusions: An inventive SDGs-focused training management strategy for school principals that incorporates ADDIE, Appreciative Inquiry, and Grit was successfully created and validated by the study. By encouraging strengths and resilience, this model successfully improves managerial competences and provides insightful advice for legislators and educational institutions looking to improve principal leadership.

THE EFFECT OF JOB TRAINING, CAREER DEVELOPMENT, AND JOB ROTATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE (Survey on Augusta Pelabuhan Ratu Hotel Employees)

Mutiara Regina Agustiana — 2025-06-25

This research investigates the impact of job training, career development, and job rotation on employee performance at the Augusta Pelabuhan Ratu Hotel. The study employs quantitative methods, analyzing data collected from 40 employees. The findings indicate that while career development has a significant positive effect on employee performance, job training and job rotation do not have a significant individual impact. However, the combined effect of all three variables shows a statistically significant influence on employee performance, suggesting that a holistic approach to human resource development is crucial for improving overall employee effectiveness in the hospitality sector.

PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF LIVE MUSIC CAFE LOVERS: A CASE STUDY OF CUSTOMERS OF BAMBU PURPLE RESTO MARELAN

Riki Andika — 2025-07-02

The purpose of this study was to analyze the perception of the public who enjoy live music in cafes, a case study of customers of Bambu Ungu Resto Marelan. This research method is qualitative. The subjects of the study were customers of Bambu Ungu Resto Marelan. Data collection techniques were observation and interviews. Based on the results of the study through observation and data analysis of the theme of the music show according to the perceptions of visitors at the Bambu Ungu Resto cafe, it can be concluded that: 1. Visitors' perceptions of the theme of the music show are based on the choice of music from the management which has a significant impact on the customer experience in the cafe. Visitors to the Bambu Ungu Resto cafe tend to like relaxed and easy-listening music, such as pop music that creates a warm atmosphere. Artists whose songs have calming melodies and positive lyrics are favorites of visitors because they are able to create an atmosphere that matches their mood and needs at that time. 2. Knowing what music is popular can help the cafe stay relevant and attractive to visitors. The atmosphere of visitors during the music show is also considered quite supportive. Overall, the theme of the music show that suits visitors' preferences tends to increase their satisfaction and experience in the cafe, one of which is with the theme of pop music.

LEGAL RISKS AND MITIGATION IN ESTABLISHING A LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY THROUGH FOREIGN DOMESTIC JOINT VENTURE AGREEMENT

Adinda Marianti — 2025-06-29

This study analyzes the legal risks and benefits in establishing a limited liability company (PT) through a joint venture scheme between Foreign Direct Investment (PMA) and Domestic Investment (PMDN) in Indonesia. The research uses qualitative methods by reviewing legal documents such as Joint Venture Agreements (JVA) and Articles of Association (AoA), as well as Indonesian investment regulations. The study identifies key risks including inconsistencies between JVA and AoA, disproportionate governance structures, conflicting objectives between PMA and PMDN, and violations of foreign ownership limits under the Positive Investment List. These risks potentially cause operational conflicts and legal sanctions. Additionally, differences in legal backgrounds increase the chance of misinterpretation of ambiguous contract clauses. To mitigate these risks, the research suggests harmonizing the JVA and AoA, involving legal advisors familiar with Indonesian law and international business practices, and implementing clear governance and dispute resolution mechanisms such as arbitration. The findings aim to guide stakeholders in managing joint ventures effectively and legally compliant in Indonesia.

Penelitian ini menganalisis risiko hukum dan manfaat pembentukan Perseroan Terbatas (PT) melalui skema joint venture antara Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA) dan Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri (PMDN) di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian kualitatif terhadap dokumen hukum seperti Perjanjian Joint Venture (JVA), Anggaran Dasar (AD), serta regulasi investasi di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi risiko utama berupa ketidaksesuaian JVA dan AD, struktur tata kelola yang tidak proporsional, perbedaan tujuan antara PMA dan PMDN, serta pelanggaran batas kepemilikan asing sesuai Daftar Positif Investasi. Risiko ini berpotensi menimbulkan konflik operasional dan sanksi hukum. Selain itu, perbedaan latar belakang hukum memperbesar kemungkinan salah tafsir klausul kontrak. Untuk mitigasi, disarankan penyusunan JVA dan AD secara harmonis dengan pendampingan penasihat hukum yang memahami hukum Indonesia dan praktik bisnis internasional, serta mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa yang jelas seperti arbitrase. Temuan ini bertujuan membantu pihak terkait dalam mengelola joint venture secara efektif dan sesuai hukum di Indonesia.

TECHNICAL EVALUATION OF PEDESTRIAN FACILITIES ALONG THE PALEMBANG LRT LINE

Tri Mei Yuli — 2025-06-24

The pedestrian path along the Palembang LRT line is one of the indispensable public facilities in Palembang city. Currently, the pedestrian path along the Palembang LRT has not functioned optimally, because the pedestrian path that should be intended for pedestrians but is often misused. In addition, the pedestrian paths are still not in accordance with the technical standards of pedestrian path planning. The purpose of this study was to evaluate pedestrian facilities along the Palembang LRT line. The research method is descriptive quantitative using an instrument to evaluate the existing condition of the pedestrian path based on the Circular Letter of the Minister of PUPR Regulation Number 18/Se/Db/2023. The results showed that of the 5 aspects used to evaluate, with 24 indicators, 13 indicators, amounting to 54.2 percent of pedestrian paths existed and met the technical criteria for pedestrian facilities, 10 indicators, amounting to 41.2 percent, existed but did not meet the criteria and 1 indicator, amounting to 4.2 percent, did not exist and did not meet the technical criteria for pedestrian facilities. To be able to optimize LRT, it is necessary to improve pedestrian facilities along the Palembang LRT to the maximum such as improving pedestrian path materials that meet the technical standards of pedestrian paths

RIFFATERRE'S SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF THE SONG ATUNA TUFULI BY REMI BANDALI

Muhammad Nurfaizi Yuhmansyah — 2025-06-25

Songs are one form of oral literature that has the power to convey messages through language and music. So the analysis of the meaning of the lyrics of the song Atuna Tufuli popularized by Shirine was carried out using Michael Riffaterre's semiotic analysis which focuses on the analysis of poetry (song lyrics). This study aims to find the meaning of the lyrics of the song Atuna Tufuli by describing namely (1) indirectness of expression, (2) heuristic and hermeneutic reading, (3) matrix, and (4) Model and hypogram (intertextual correlation). This study is a descriptive-qualitative type of research with a semiotic approach and the lyrics of the song Atuna Tufuli as its corpus. The design used in this study is a library study (Library Research). The results show that the lyrics of Atuna Tufuli by Remi Bandali utilize indirectness of expression to convey the complex meaning of love. (1) indirectness of expression includes: (a) Displacement of meaning. (b) distortion of meaning. (c) Creation of meaning. (2) Heuristic and Hermeneutic Readings describe the expression of suppressed feelings of love. (3) The matrix of these lyrics can be identified as "the desire of children in conflict areas to have freedom and a normal life". (4) Model and hypogram (intertextual correlation), the model can be various elements that are already known to the listener or reader, such as the theme of the desire to have freedom and a normal life, as well as the call for attention and assistance for children living in conflict and violence, the style of writing lyrics, and expressions of longing that can be found in works of art, literature, and music. The hypogram in the song "Atuna Tufuli" by Remi Bandali lies in the repetition of classical themes that emphasize the desire of children to have a normal childhood and peace, which are often found in ancient Arabic poetry.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CRIMINAL ACT OF DEFAMATION ON SOCIAL MEDIA IN LAW NUMBER 1 OF 2024 CONCERNING ELECTRONIC INFORMATION AND TRANSACTIONS

Rahmat Setiawan Sembiring — 2025-06-28

This study aims to conduct a comparative study of criminal acts of defamation on social media based on the provisions stipulated in Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions (UU ITE). With the increasing development of information and communication technology, social media has become one of the main means of interaction, which at the same time increases the risk of spreading content that is detrimental to a person's good name. This study uses a qualitative method with a comparative approach to analyze changes, advantages, and disadvantages of legal provisions in the latest ITE Law compared to previous regulations. The results of the study show that Law Number 1 of 2024 provides more detailed and firm regulations regarding defamation on social media, with a clearer emphasis on legal boundaries and sanctions. These findings are expected to be a consideration for law enforcers and policy makers in improving legal protection for victims of defamation in the digital era.

PREDICTING CONSUMER PURCHASE INTENTIONS AND EWOMS FOR LOCALLY PRODUCED FASHION PRODUCTS MADE FROM NATURAL DYES

Ratni Prima Lita — 2025-09-17

The creative economy, especially related to the fashion subsector, becomes a critical contributor to Indonesia’s economic growth, and yet also comes along with fast-fashion issues, with their environmental and social impacts. As an alternative, sustainable fashion made on traditional textiles, e.g., Minangkabau woven fabrics and batik, dyed with tannin-based natural coloring agents from gambier, offers a significant potency. However, research on factors influencing consumer purchase intention for these products remains limited, particularly in West Sumatra, calling for the need to analyze how social influence and willingness to pay more impact purchase intention and how they drive eWOM. A quantitative approach with a purposive sampling technique was invoked, with data collected through an online survey of 160 respondents. Data were then analyzed using the SEM-PLS technique. Results demonstrated that social influence and willingness to pay more had a positive and significant effect on purchase intention. Additionally, purchase intention was found to mediate the formation of eWOM. These findings both corroborate the literature concerning sustainable consumer behaviors and afford practical implications for producers to apply social networking, fix a premium price as a symbol of quality and sustainability, educate consumers to elevate their loyalty, and broaden market reach through eWOM.

THE ROLE OF INFLUENCERS IN FORMING POLITICAL OPINION AMONG ELECTION VOTERS IN MEDAN CITY

Nadra Husna Harahap — 2025-06-30

This study aims to analyze the role of influencers in shaping political opinions among voters in the city of Medan. With the increasing use of social media as a source of political information, this study highlights how platforms such as TikTok influence political perceptions and attitudes. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing a case study on the TikTok platform. The results of this study indicate that influencers are not only information providers, but also agents of social change and communication bridges between politicians and the public. The importance of this study is considering that now is the era of everyone using social media platforms, the presence of this study can provide guidance for politicians, political parties, and campaign teams to use influencers strategically and ethically in reaching voters in the election. TikTok is the dominant platform for obtaining political information, while influencers show a critical attitude by verifying the truth of the news received. The conclusion of this study confirms that social media has a significant impact on shaping political opinions. with good digital literacy being the main factor in filtering accurate and reliable information. However, there are challenges in the form of low political literacy and the potential for information bias. Therefore, digital literacy and critical attitudes of voters are the main factors in filtering political information. This study is expected to be a reference in a more ethical and effective political campaign strategy in the digital era.

KAIZEN 5'S INDUSTRIAL WORK CULTURE-BASED SCHOOL FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT MODEL'S SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS) AT STATE VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS IN THE BIREUEN REGENCY

Azhari — 2025-07-06

Introduction: An essential part of Indonesia's National Education Standards are the infrastructure and facilities for education. All formal and informal educational institutions are required to provide facilities that assist students' physical, intellectual, social, emotional, and psychological development, as stipulated in Article 45 of the National Education System Law No. 20 of 2003. Objective: In order to create a school facilities and infrastructure management model that is focused on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this project will integrate the 5S Kaizen industrial work culture into vocational schools (SMK Negeri) in the Bireuen Regency. It also assesses how useful and successful the model is at streamlining school facility management. Method: The study used Plomp's model as part of its Research & Development (R&D) process, which consisted of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and assessment. Principals, vice principals, heads of expertise programs, workshop leaders, administrative leaders, and effective teachers were among the participants. Validated by expert evaluations, implementation observations, response surveys, and competency tests, the research tools included a model book, an implementation manual, and a module guide. Results: The average validation scores for the generated model were 4.57 (model), 4.62 (implementation handbook), and 4.63 (module guide), indicating strong validity. Positive participant response rates in trials I and II were 85.91% and 86.31%, respectively, indicating that classical completeness was attained. The N-Gain analysis classified its effectiveness as moderate, showing competency gains of 61.75% and 62.21%. Conclusion: The model promotes ongoing advancement in vocational education by encouraging an organized, industry-based approach to SDG-aligned school facility management. For policymakers and school administrators working in vocational education settings, this study offers a novel paradigm for incorporating industrial methodologies—specifically, 5S Kaizen—into the administration of educational infrastructure.

THE IMPORTANCE OF GENERATION Z IN PRESERVING PANCASILA VALUES IN SELAYANG VILLAGE

Sri Rejeki Simbolon — 2025-06-25

This study aims to examine the role of generation z in preserving Pancasila values in Selayang Village and the factors that influence it. The method used is a quantitative survey involving 125 generation z respondents aged 15-22 years, combined with in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGD) to obtain enriched qualitative data. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and compound correlations while qualitative data and thematic analysis. the results of the study indicate that generation z has a high understanding of Pancasila values, but the application of these values in everyday life still needs to be improved. Understanding Pancasila values in involvement in social activities is significantly positively related to the preservation of values while the influence of social media shows a significant negative correlation. Generation z is active in various social and religious activities as a form of preserving values, but participation in creating educational content on social media is still low. This study recommends strengthening applicable Pancasila values education, education on the wise use of social media, and increasing gen z involvement in social religious activities to support the preservation of Pancasila values optimally.

CROSS-BORDER NARCOTIC DISTRIBUTION IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW: A NORMATIVE STUDY IN THE RIAU ISLANDS

Nicha Suwalla — 2025-06-30

Cross-border drug trafficking is a form of transnational crime that threatens legal stability and global security. The Riau Islands as a strategic border region of Indonesia faces serious challenges in combating this crime due to limited law enforcement capacity, geographic vulnerability, and weak coordination between countries. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of international legal regulations on cross-border drug trafficking and evaluate the challenges of its implementation in the Riau Islands region. The method used is normative juridical with a legislative and conceptual approach based on literature studies. The results of the study indicate that the weak harmonization of international norms with national laws, as well as limited capacity for legal enforcement and diplomacy, are the main obstacles. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the implementation of international conventions, cross-country coordination, and develop national legal institutions to effectively address the challenges of cross-border drug crimes.

QUR'ANIC RECITATION ART EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' TILAWAH SKILLS AT MTS NEGERI 1 KOTAWARINGIN TIMUR

Miftahul Ilmi — 2025-06-19

The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation process, impacts, inhibiting and supporting factors of the extracurricular activity of the Art of Reading the Qur'an at MTsN 1 Kotawaringin Timur. The research approach method used in this study is qualitative research. Data collection techniques in this study used observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis process obtained in this study began by reviewing all data obtained from interviews, observations and documentation. Furthermore, the data was arranged systematically to make it easier to understand and can provide meaning. The data that has been obtained is then arranged or grouped based on certain categories by going through the stages as stated by Miles and Huberman which include four components, namely: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the extracurricular activity of the Art of Reading the Qur'an at MTsN 1 Kotawaringin Timur is carried out every Thursday afternoon using the classical method. Students are taught the correct tajwid and naghom rhythm to improve tilawah skills. The school supports it with facilities and rewards, although there are obstacles such as inadequate facilities and low student interest. However, this activity remains effective in developing students' recitation skills.

WEBSITE-BASED DIGITAL MODULE ACCEPTANCE WITH MERDEKA FLOW STRATEGY IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN BANDUNG CITY AREA

Ahmad Solihin — 2025-06-25

The development of technology in the 21st century is accompanied by the widespread use of digital technology to support human activities in various fields. Likewise in learning activities, the use of technology in learning is a necessity. Integration of technology in learning can be in the form of using technology as a learning medium in the form of digital modules. This study aims to analyze the effect of the independent flow strategy on the acceptance of website-based digital modules, as well as its effect on Effort Expectancy Behavior Intention (media use efforts) and Facilitating Condition (facilitating support). This study uses a quantitative approach with correlational survey methods and path analysis. Data was collected from 118 teachers in Bandung City. The results of the study indicate that the independent flow strategy has a positive and significant effect on the acceptance of website-based digital modules, Effort Expectancy Behavior Intention, and Facilitating Condition. This result is shown by looking at the 10 indicators that determine the acceptability of teaching materials and media. There are indicators of Effort Expectancy Behavior Intention (effort to use media) and Facilitating Condition (supporting facilities) that determine the acceptability and good influence on the media created. This finding shows that the independent flow strategy can increase the acceptance of website-based digital modules, motivate users to use media, and provide convenience for users in accessing and learning learning materials.

LEGAL PROTECTION AGAINST USE RIGHTS TO COUNTERFEIT REGISTERED TRADEMARKS

Adil Dwi Laksono — 2025-06-28

This study analyzes legal protection against the use of counterfeit trademark rights based on Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications. Using a normative legal research method with a doctrinal juridical approach, the study analyzes primary and secondary legal materials related to trademark protection. The study results indicate that the legal protection framework includes preventive aspects through the trademark registration system and repressive aspects through civil lawsuit mechanisms, criminal sanctions, and alternative dispute resolution. Registered trademark owners are protected by exclusive rights that prevent the use of the trademark by other parties without permission, with criminal sanctions of up to 10 years in prison and a fine of IDR 5 billion for violators. Although the regulation is comprehensive, its implementation still faces significant challenges, especially related to the characteristics of complaint offenses that require reports from trademark owners as a prerequisite for law enforcement. Data on Indonesia's economic losses due to trademark counterfeiting, reaching IDR 291 trillion in 2020, indicates that the effectiveness of law enforcement is not yet optimal. The main challenges include the low legal awareness of business actors in registering trademarks, the complexity of proving violations in the digital realm, and the limited capacity of law enforcement officers to deal with increasingly sophisticated counterfeiting methods. This study concludes that a holistic strategy is needed to increase the effectiveness of brand protection, including intensive socialization, reform of complaint offense policies, simplification of registration procedures, strengthening of investigative capacity, and development of technology for early detection of violations.

THE EFFECT OF LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, PER CAPITA INCOME, AND INDUSTRIALIZATION ON URBANIZATION IN INDONESIA

Reza Juanda — 2025-08-09

This study aims to analyze the influence of labor force participation, per capita income, and industrialization on urbanization in Indonesia in the short and long term. Rapid urban growth poses various social and environmental challenges. This study uses secondary data from the 1991–2023 time series and analyzes it using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to examine the dynamic relationships between variables. The results show that labor force participation has a significant effect on urbanization in the short term, although the direction of the influence is inconsistent. In the long term, the influence is insignificant. Per capita income also has a significant effect in the short term with varying directions, but is insignificant in the long term. Industrialization shows a negative effect in the current period and a positive effect in the previous period, but its long-term effect is also insignificant. Simultaneously, all three variables have a significant effect on urbanization in the short term, but not in the long term. These findings indicate that urbanization in Indonesia is more influenced by short-term socioeconomic dynamics than long-term structural factors.

The Effectiveness of Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) in Promoting Academic Success among Students with Learning Disabilities

Shazia Afzal — 2025-06-24

This study investigates the effectiveness of Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) in promoting academic success among students with learning disabilities. Drawing from a wide body of literature and evidence-based practices, the research explores how tailored educational plans enhance student engagement, skill development, and achievement. The study evaluates components such as personalized goal-setting, adaptive instructional strategies, and multidisciplinary collaboration. Findings indicate that when effectively implemented, IEPs significantly contribute to academic progress, especially in reading, writing, and mathematics. However, barriers such as lack of teacher training, resource limitations, and poor parental involvement continue to hinder optimal outcomes. The paper concludes with recommendations for policy and practice to improve the implementation of IEPs in inclusive educational settings.

ECOTHEOLOGICAL MINDSET EDUCATION IN PERSPECTIVE YUSUF AL-QARADAWI

Sri Mulyani — 2025-06-21

The environment plays a very important role in human life. Humans as inhabitants of the environment on earth play an important role in preserving the environment. Yusuf al-Qardhawi emphasized that Islam pays great attention to the environment.Education must be able to change beliefs, values and understanding about the importance of maintaining and preserving the environment to maintain quality and health. The research method in this article is carried out using the library research method. The collection technique used is a document where researchers collect books, journals, etc. according to the title. Furthermore, for the data analysis technique in this study, descriptive analysis, where data is analyzed in data description. The results of the study indicate that education is one way to form a mindset about the importance of maintaining the environment in accordance with Islamic values.

RESEARCH TRENDS & GAPS ASSESSMENT - WASTEWATER TREATMENT WITH COAGULATION AND FLOCCULATION METHODS

Artha Dewi Novitasari — 2025-06-29

Industrial activities can cause negative impacts, one of which is the result of the production process which can cause pollution and environmental damage if the company does not process B3 waste in accordance with applicable regulations. With increasing concern for the environment, many companies or other interested parties are required to process liquid waste. Therefore, this study aims to find out from several existing research journals about the effectiveness of wastewater treatment methods and processes Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) and Aluminum Sulfate (Alum). The analysis method uses several software to find out the results of research analysis from several existing scientific literature. By using blibiometric analysis, it was found that research on wastewater treatment mostly uses coagulation and flocculation methods which have developed every year. To improve the results of wastewater treatment, it is necessary to consider several influencing factors such as dose, speed and duration of stirring during the experiment. From the results of several previous studies, it was found that the use of Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) was the most effective compared to Aluminum Sulfate (Alum) by comparing the decrease in the results of testing the specified quality standard parameters (for example pH,COD, BOD, turbidity, TSS, etc)

THE EFFECT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY ON GOVERNMENT EFFECTIVENESS IN THE ERA OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0

Abdul Halil Hi. Ibrahim — 2025-06-29

Digital transformation in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has brought fundamental changes in governance, especially in improving the effectiveness, efficiency, and transparency of public services. The utilisation of digital technologies such as e-government, big data, and artificial intelligence allows bureaucratic processes to be faster, cost-effective, and strengthen public participation in decision-making. This research uses a literature review method to analyse the influence of digital technology on government effectiveness in Indonesia, highlighting positive impacts such as service acceleration, data integration, and increased public accountability. However, the implementation of digitalisation also faces challenges, including infrastructure gaps, low digital literacy, and issues of cybersecurity and personal data protection. The results of the study show that the success of digital transformation depends on cross-sector collaboration, infrastructure strengthening, human resource development, and regulatory updates so that the benefits of digitalisation can be felt evenly and inclusively by all people.

MEASURING STOCK RETURNS IN FINANCIAL RATIO PERSPECTIVE (Financial Study on Transportation and Logistics Sector Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange)

Ai Nurhalimah — 2025-06-17

This study examines how various financial metrics affect stock returns for logistics and transportation companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2023. The variables studied are Price Earnings Ratio (PER), Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Return on Assets (ROA). Multiple linear regression and quantitative association techniques were used in this study. Purposive sampling was used to include a total of 34 eligible companies. According to this study, stock returns are affected by CR, DER, ROA, and PER simultaneously. As an added bonus, each financial indicator has a significant impact on each subsequent indicator. The findings of this study suggest that financial metrics can be helpful in evaluating stock returns, especially in the transportation and logistics industry.

THE LEGAL STANDING OF A LEASING AGREEMENT INVOLVING AN OBJECT ORIGINATING FROM A LEASE AGREEMENT

Vernandito Sudharta Raftua Tampubolon — 2025-06-24

The legal standing of leasing agreements involving objects derived from lease agreements continues to pose challenges in Indonesian legal practice, particularly when the party initiating the leasing agreement in Indonesian legal practice, particularly when the party initiating the leasing agreement is not the lawful owner of the object. This situation creates ambiguity regrading the legal status of the agreement and has the potential to harm good faith parties. This study adressees the issue of the legal position of leasing agreements involving objects not lawfully owned an lessor, moreover, the legal protection available to the lessee in such circumstances. The study is normative juridical study utilizing a qualitative analysis approach. Results of research indicate that leasing agreements involving objects not legally owned by the lessor are at conflict also principle ownership in civil law an may be subject to annulment. Legal protection for the leese can be granted through recognition as a good faith party, provided that it can be proven the leese was unaware of any defect in the owneship of the leased object. Outcomes of research is revealed needed strengthen regulations and apply the principle of due diligence in the execution of leasing agreements, particularly in verifying ownership of the leased object prior to the agreement being made.

DIGITAL SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC ILLNESSES: AN ANALYSIS OF COMMUNICATION DYNAMICS ON SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS

Syafruddin Ritonga — 2025-07-07

People with chronic illnesses face significant physical and psychological challenges, making social support an important aspect in improving their quality of life. The development of social media opens up new spaces for digital social interactions that can provide social support. However, the dynamics of communication and the effectiveness of digital social support in the context of chronic illness are still poorly understood comprehensively. This study used a mixed methods approach with quantitative data collection through online questionnaires (n=200) and qualitative data through semi-structured interviews and social media content analysis. Quantitative analysis was conducted with descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative analysis used thematic analysis to explore experiences and communication patterns in digital communities. The results of the statistical analysis showed a positive and significant relationship between digital social support and psychological well-being (r = 0.62), disease management motivation (r = 0.58), and user satisfaction (r = 0.65), with p-values <0.001 for all variables. This indicates that adequate digital social support contributes significantly to improving the well-being and motivation of people with chronic illnesses. Qualitative data revealed that emotional and informational support were dominant in community interactions, which were asynchronous and multilateral. However, the risk of misinformation, privacy issues, and negative psychological impacts such as anxiety were also found to be major challenges. The novelty of the study lies in the integration of quantitative and qualitative analysis in the context of digital social support for people with chronic diseases, as well as highlighting the risks of digital communication that have received little attention in previous literature, thus broadening the understanding of digital communication and health theory. Social media has the potential to be an effective means for social support for people with chronic diseases if communication risks can be managed well. The development of safe platform features and digital literacy education are suggested to improve the quality of digital social support, so further research is needed to expand the context and develop adaptive interventions.

PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION IN THE PROVISION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE VOICE GENERATOR AND DEEPFAKE APPLICATIONS IN INDONESIA

Putri Mega Citakhayana — 2025-08-09

Nowadays, the development of AI has brought miracles, including the existence of applications that can imitate a person's voice and face. For example, former President Jokowi whose voice is used as if singing a song. There is even a video of former President Jokowi giving a speech in Chinese, even though in fact he never sang a song or gave a speech. This can apparently be done through an AI application using a person's voice and facial image. Even though after the issuance of Law No. 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection (UUPDP), a person's voice and image are included in personal data in the form of biometrics. Then today, the development of technology in the digital era has made it common to use portraits to use AI Voice Generators and Deepfakes without permission. Deepfake itself is an image and video produced by Artificial Intelligence as if it were real. The PDP Law itself prohibits the use of a person's biometric data. For this reason, it is necessary to research the legal protection of personal data in the form of voices that are changed using AI Voice Generators or faces into Deepfake form. In addition, the use of personal data is very high, for example to attract buyers on digital platforms by creating deepfakes using portraits taken randomly on the Internet without the consent of the owner of the personal data.

CONSTRUCT AND INITIAL VALIDATION OF CHARACTER STRENGTH SCALE DEVELOPMENT INSTRUMENT FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS' ACADEMIC RESILIENCE

Rahma Hanif — 2025-06-30

This study aims to develop and evaluate the content validity of an academic resilience instrument for junior high school students (SMP) that includes three main dimensions: perseverance, self-reflection and adaptive assistance, and negative affect and emotional responses. Through an assessment process by three experts using the Aiken's V technique, 45 out of 54 items (83.3%) were declared to have high content validity (Aiken's V ≥ 0.80), while the other nine items showed low validity (Aiken's V = 0.333) and were recommended for revision. These findings indicate that in general the instrument has met the criteria for adequate content validity and is suitable for use to measure the academic resilience of junior high school students. The main recommendation of this study is to maintain items that have been proven valid, and to conduct further revisions and empirical testing using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) or confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) methods to ensure the structure and internal consistency of the instrument statistically.

REVITALIZATION OF WATER RESOURCES LAW ENFORCEMENT: THE ROLE OF LOCAL WISDOM AND PARTICIPATION OF KOTABARU INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES IN LEGAL ETHNOGRAPHY

Trisna Agus Brata — 2025-06-19

Indonesia is facing a water resources (SDA) management crisis marked by a moderate Water Quality Index (IKA) and 112 drought-prone areas, exacerbated by environmental degradation and ineffective law enforcement of Law No. 17/2019 concerning Water Resources, 70% of cases are only resolved administratively). This study aims to identify the principles of Huma Betang in water law enforcement in Kotabaru, analyze the effectiveness of indigenous communities as law enforcement agents, and develop an ethnography-based adaptive revitalization model. The method uses a legal ethnography approach with in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and legal document analysis, analyzed thematically with triangulation. The findings show that the principles of Huma Betang (Ulayat Water Rights, Gawi Manuntung Waja, Belom Bahadat) reduce minor violations and resolve water disputes at the customary level, although they are hampered by integration with state law. The "Straight Path" model is proposed as an integrative solution through the Customary-State Consultation Forum, Integrated Reporting System, Certification of Water Caretakers, and Tiered Sanctions. Theoretically, the research enriches ecolegal pluralism with the mechanism of "living law"; practically, it provides a blueprint for revitalization. In conclusion, revitalization requires engineering institutional interactions that accommodate local wisdom, with implications for the revision of Law No. 17/2019, hybrid certification, and integrated escalation protocols. Further research suggestions include model replication tests in other indigenous communities and studies on the transformation of gender roles post-digitalization.

IMPACT OF THE MATERNAL REFLECTIVE METHOD ON SPEECH AND SOCIAL SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN DEAF CHILDREN AT SCHOOL FOR CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (SLB) B KARYA MURNI MEDAN

Epi Samosir — 2025-06-25

This research aimed to examine the influence of the Maternal Reflective Method (MRM) on improving the speech and social interaction skills of deaf children at SLB-B Karya Murni Medan. The low verbal communication and social interaction abilities among deaf children present a crucial problem, impacting their learning development and social adaptation. Using a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design, this study involved elementary-level deaf students, divided into experimental and control groups. Data were collected through structured observation using instruments that had undergone validity and reliability testing. Data analysis using t-tests showed that the experimental group experienced a significant increase in average scores from 23 to 71 in both speech and social skills compared to the control group. The improvement in speech skills was evidenced by the children's enhanced ability to express ideas/concepts with clearer vocalization, more appropriate intonation, more accurate pronunciation, and improved word order and speech fluency. Furthermore, the implementation of MRM significantly affected the deaf children's social skills, demonstrated by an increased frequency of interaction initiation, more active responses to conversational partners, and the manifestation of more adaptive social attitudes in small group activities. While showing positive results, this study was limited to a single institution with a restricted number of subjects, thus requiring cautious generalization. The effectiveness of MRM is highly dependent on facilitator quality and individual child characteristics. Future research can explore these factors more deeply and address challenges in MRM implementation, such as children's resistance to the reflective process. This research recommends integrating MRM as one of the supporting methods in SLB learning programs, with consideration for adaptation to each school's specific context and resources.

EFFECTIVENESS OF TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE METHOD IN VOCABULARY LEARNING FOR BIPA LEARNERS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Herdi — 2025-06-30

Vocabulary is the most important aspect and also the main foundation in Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing (BIPA) or Indonesian as a Foreign Language (IFL) to foreign learning to improve foreign language skills including listening, speaking, reading and writing skills. In practice, remembering and using new vocabulary is still an obstacle for foreign learners in communicating, so there needs to be an appropriate learning method to overcome this, namely by using the Total Physical Response (TPR) method, a method that connects commands, speech and movement. This article was written using the literature review method by analyzing 10 national and international studies related to the effectiveness of the TPR method in learning. Based on the research that has been analyzed, it shows that the TPR method makes learning more effective; makes learners feel happy, enthusiastic and actively participates during the learning process; effective for speaking and writing skills; motivates children to be interested in learning, especially training listening; improves vocabulary skills from the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains; helps learners learn vocabulary and makes learners more active and confident; learning becomes fun, learners become more active, helps students remember and improve word mastery; has a significant good influence, namely it can improve understanding, practice, respond, mention and show various types of vocabulary that have been learned; improve vocabulary process and mastery; able to improve children's motor skills; and make learners quickly master learning materials.

AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO ECONOMIC AND HEALTH LAW IN THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN WHO COMMIT PETTY THEFT: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Gunawan Widjaja — 2025-09-28

This study aims to analyse the interdisciplinary approach of law, economics, and health in the protection of children who commit petty theft through a literature review. The protection of children as perpetrators of minor crimes requires the application of the principles of restorative justice and diversion as stipulated in the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. However, economic factors such as poverty and social inequality are often the main drivers of children committing petty theft, so interventions in the form of economic empowerment and social assistance are urgently needed. In addition, health aspects, particularly the mental and psychological health of children, must also be a primary concern in protection and rehabilitation efforts. The results of the study show that synergy between a humanistic legal system, appropriate economic intervention, and comprehensive health services is very important to ensure optimal protection for children who commit petty theft and to prevent recidivism. Cross-sector collaboration and regulatory strengthening are key to the successful implementation of fair and sustainable child protection.

THE INFLUENCE OF E-WOM, HEDONIC SHOPPING AND SALES PROMOTION ON IMPULSE BUYING IN ONLINE RETAIL INSURANCE PRODUCT PURCHASE DECISIONS IN INDONESIA

Syukur Abdullah — 2025-06-29

This study aims to describe the influence of electronic word of mouth (e-WOM), hedonic shopping, and sales promotion on purchasing decisions for online retail insurance products, with impulse buying as a mediating variable. The method used is quantitative descriptive, which aims to describe phenomena objectively based on numerical data without testing hypotheses. The population of the study was customers of general insurance companies who purchased retail insurance products online, with an estimated population of around 500,000 people. The sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique based on certain criteria, and 400 respondents were determined using the Slovin formula. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, documentation, and distributing questionnaires as the main instrument to measure consumer perceptions of the variables studied. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistical methods and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of Lisrel 8.88 software. The results of the study showed that e-WOM, hedonic shopping, and sales promotion had a significant influence on impulse buying. Impulse buying was proven to have a significant influence on purchasing decisions for online retail insurance products. Simultaneously, the four variables also had a significant influence on purchasing decisions. The impulse buying variable acts as a full mediator in the relationship between e-WOM and hedonic shopping on purchasing decisions, as well as a partial mediator between sales promotion and purchasing decisions. These findings indicate that an effective digital marketing strategy needs to consider the combination of credible e-WOM, a pleasant shopping experience, attractive sales promotions, and consumer impulsiveness as the key to driving online retail insurance product purchasing decisions in the digital era.

PARTNERSHIP-DUAL TRAINING SYSTEM MODEL FOR BASIC SAFETY TRAINING TO IMPROVE VOCATIONAL EDUCATION TEACHER COMPETENCE

Kisno — 2025-07-06

Abstract

DEVELOPMENT OF ARTICULATE STORYLINE LEARNING MEDIA IN IMPROVING LEARNING OUTCOMES OF STUDENTS OF CLASS XI SMAS KAMPUS NOMMENSEN PEMATANGSIANTAR

Harry Cristofel Simanjuntak — 2025-06-25

This study aims to develop an interactive learning medium based on Articulate Storyline to improve student learning outcomes in Economics for Grade XI at SMAS Nommensen Pematangsiantar Campus. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which includes five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The procedure involved needs analysis, media design and development, expert validation, and individual, small-group, and large-group trials. Validation results indicated that the media was highly feasible, with scores of 88% from content experts, 91% from media experts, and 89% from instructional design experts. Teacher practicality tests showed a 95% score, indicating the media was easy to use and relevant. Student responses in individual, small-group, and large-group scores scored 88%, 90%, and 92%, respectively, suggesting the media was engaging and easy to understand. Data analysis revealed that the experimental class average score increased from 64.17 (pretest) to 85.42 (posttest), with an N-Gain of 0.59 (moderate to high category). In contrast, the control class only improved from 63.19 to 70.83, with an N-Gain of 0.21 (low category). The t-test showed a significant difference between the two classes (tcount = 8.152 > ttable = 2.030; Sig. = 0.0001 < 0.05). It can be concluded that the Articulate Storyline learning media is highly feasible, practical, and effective for teaching Economics. This study recommends the use of interactive media and teacher training as key strategies for digital learning in the modern era.

THE ROLE OF FOOD MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES IN SHAPING INDONESIA’S NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY POLICY FRAMEWORK

Poppy S. Nurisnaeny — 2025-07-03

This study aims to examine the strategic role of the food processing industry in forming a national food security policy framework in Indonesia. In the context of increasingly complex global dynamics and domestic challenges, the food processing sector is one of the key elements in supporting the availability, affordability, and sustainability of food. This study uses a literature review method by examining various scientific sources, government policies, and secondary data related to industry performance and national food policies. The results of the study show that the food processing industry not only plays a role in increasing the added value of agricultural products, but also in creating an efficient distribution system, expanding market access, and strengthening strategic food reserves. Furthermore, this industry has a significant contribution to the formation of policies that are responsive to the food crisis, increasing nutritional security, and achieving sustainable development goals. Thus, close integration between the industrial sector and public policy is an important prerequisite for strengthening national food security in the future.

SUSTAINABILITY OF LOCAL CORN FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FARMERS IN DUKO TAMBIN VILLAGE, BANGKALAN REGENCY

Lutfiyah — 2025-06-30

This research analyzes the sustainability of local corn farming from the farmers' perspective in Duko Tambin Village, Bangkalan Regency, Madura. The approach used is qualitative descriptive-analytical with data triangulation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using NVivo software. The results show that farmers' perceptions regarding the sustainability of local corn are divided into four main dimensions: economic, ecological, social and cultural, and technological. Economically, farmers continue to cultivate local corn despite low income because of cheap production costs, land ownership, and easy marketing. From an ecological perspective, local corn is considered drought-resistant and more environmentally friendly, although it still faces challenges from pest attacks and the use of chemical pesticides. Socially, family values and farmer solidarity persist, although mutual assistance practices are beginning to fade. From a cultural aspect, local corn has symbolic value and is cultivated through generations, but it is threatened by shifting preferences of the younger generation and modernization. In terms of technology, limited access to information, training, and costs make it difficult for farmers to adopt new innovations. This research concludes that the sustainability of local corn is more supported by cost efficiency, local wisdom, and ecological adaptation, compared to systemic support or modern technology.

THE USE OF LIVEWORKSHEETS AND PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) MODELS IN IMPROVING STUDENTS' CRITICAL MATHEMATICAL THINKING SKILLS

Siti Lisa Bitasmi’ah — 2025-06-19

Mathematics is one of the subjects given to students starting from elementary school to college. Mathematics learning aims to develop students in thinking logically, analytically, regularly and critically. Problem Based Learning (PBL) is a teaching method that presents real-world situations in the learning process with the aim of improving students' critical thinking skills in interactive learning. Interactive learning using Liveworksheets allows teachers to present material in a more interesting and challenging way, so that students are more actively involved in the learning process. This study aims to determine: (1) the effectiveness of using Liveworksheets in improving students' mathematical critical thinking skills, (2) the effectiveness of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model in improving students' mathematical critical thinking skills. The preparation of this article uses the SLR (Systematic Literature Review) method where the articles collected are only articles published within a maximum of the last 6 years (2019-2025). Based on the results of this study, it was found that the use of Liveworksheets in the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model can improve students' mathematical critical thinking skills.

WORDS BEHIND MASK: COMPARING COPYRIGHT PROTECTION FOR PSEUDONYMOUS AUTHORS IN INDONESIA AND AUSTRALIA

Karina Josephine Siregar — 2025-06-25

This article discusses the regulation of copyright protection for pseudonymous authors from a comparative perspective between Indonesia and Australia, focusing on the fulfillment of moral and economic rights. Using a normative juridical and comparative approach, this study examines the legal gap within the Indonesian system of moral rights and economic rights of works created by authors with concealed identities. Although Article 5 of the 2014 Copyright Law recognizes pseudonymous authors, its implementation remains weak due to the absence of explicit enforcement mechanisms. On the other hand, Australia clearly separates moral rights and economic rights and adopts a statutory presumption approach to recognize and protect pseudonymous authors. However, implementing the Australian model in Indonesia faces limitations, primarily because Indonesia’s legal culture has yet to be deeply rooted in public consciousness. This study proposes context-based adaptations, such as confidential registration and the strengthening of publishing agreements, as alternative solutions. By integrating cultural values and the national legal structure, this article emphasizes the importance of localizing copyright protection to align with the legal and social characteristics of Indonesian society, while also promoting the development of a safe and inclusive literacy ecosystem for pseudonymous authors in the future.

CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES IN CHILDREN'S BIPA LEARNING ELEMENTARY SCHOOL LEVEL IN JAKARTA INDONESIA KOREAN SCHOOL

Muhammad Nur Alfi Syahri — 2025-06-30

This study aims to describe the challenges and strategies for learning Indonesian for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) in Jakarta Indonesia Korean School (JIKS), an international school based on the Korean curriculum whose participants are linguistically and culturally homogeneous. The main challenges in learning BIPA in JIKS include minimal interaction in Indonesian outside the classroom, the dominance of Korean language use in students' daily lives, and low learning motivation due to the position of BIPA subjects which are not included in the Korean core curriculum. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach through literature studies, analysis of learning contexts, and reflection on teaching practices. The results show that the thematic-contextual approach is an effective and relevant strategy to overcome these challenges. This strategy includes the application of themes that are close to children's lives, simple project activities, contextual dialogues, role plays, Indonesian language habits in classroom routines, and the use of concrete media such as pictures and real objects. This approach allows students to understand the language in a real context, while building their confidence in using Indonesian. These findings are expected to be a reference for BIPA teachers in designing learning that is appropriate to the conditions of students in homogeneous international schools.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE 4 FS (FAMILY, FRIENDS, FANS, AND FOLLOWERS) ON PURCHASING DECISIONS FOR WARDAH COSMETIC PRODUCTS (CASE STUDY: IN THE CITY OF BIREUEN)

Adnan — 2025-09-20

This research investigates the impact of the 4Fs Family, Friends, Fans and Followers on consumer purchasing decisions regarding Wardah cosmetic products in Bireuen City. In the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, evolving lifestyles and shifting consumer behaviours demand a more profound understanding of the role of social influences in marketing. A quantitative research design was employed, with data being gathered via survey questionnaires from 120 active users of Wardah products. The collected data were analysed using SPSS version 21. The findings indicate that the Family variable does not exert a statistically significant effect on purchasing decisions, as evidenced by a significance value of 0.378. Conversely, the Friends variable demonstrates a strong positive and significant influence, with a p-value of 0.001. In a similar vein, the Fans variable exerts a substantial influence on consumer decisions, attaining a significance level of 0.021. However, the Followers variable does not appear to influence purchasing behaviour, as reflected by a p-value of 0.921. The findings of this study indicate that interpersonal interactions, particularly with friends and fans, have a substantial impact on consumer preferences and decision-making processes. In contrast, the roles of family and followers appear to be relatively insignificant. The study offers valuable implications for marketers, emphasising the importance of leveraging peer and fan-based social dynamics when crafting targeted promotional strategies.

LEGAL RISKS AND MITIGATION IN ESTABLISHING A LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY THROUGH FOREIGN DOMESTIC JOINT VENTURE AGREEMENT

Adinda Marianti — 2025-06-20

EFFECTIVENESS OF PRINCIPAL COMPETENCY MANAGEMENT MODEL BASED ON LESSON STUDY IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF ACADEMIC SUPERVISION AND LEARNING IN STATE HIGH SCHOOLS

M. Basir. S. Hasibuan — 2025-07-06

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of a Lesson Study-Based Principal Competency Management Model in improving the quality of academic supervision and learning in public senior high schools (SMA Negeri) in Langkat Regency. Using a Research and Development (R&D) approach, the model was designed through a series of stages: preliminary study, model development, limited trials, extended trials, and final implementation. The model integrates the core principles of Lesson Study (Plan–Do–See–Act) into the principal's role as an instructional leader. The results showed that the model is valid, practical, and effective. Principals who implemented the model demonstrated increased competence in academic supervision, engaged in reflective discussions with teachers, and supported the improvement of teaching practices. The Lesson Study cycle empowered principals not only as administrators but also as facilitators of professional learning. The model also fostered a collaborative culture among educators and had a positive impact on the quality of classroom instruction. Based on these findings, the model is recommended for broader implementation and policy integration in professional development programs for school leaders.

THE INFLUENCE OF GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ON POTENTIAL FINANCIAL DISTRESS OF TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE

Moh. Ma’ruf MY Tunggeng — 2025-07-06

This study aims to determine the effect of good corporate governance and financial performance on the potential for financial distress with company size as a control variable in technology companies on the Indonesian stock exchange for the 2021-2023 period. The type of data used is quantitative data sourced from secondary data. The population in this study are technology sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2021-2023. The technique used in this sampling is purposive sampling and 16 companies were obtained as samples in this study. The results showed that the variables of the Independent Board of Commissioners, ROE, and DER partially had no effect on the potential Financial Distress of Technology Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2021-2023. Meanwhile, Company Size as a control variable partially has a significant effect on the potential Financial Distress of Technology Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2021-2023 period. Then, the variables of Independent Board of Commissioners, ROE, DER, and Company Size simultaneously have a significant effect on the potential Financial Distress of Technology Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2021-2023.

THE EFFECT OF PROFITABILITY, LEVERAGE AND LIQUIDITY ON COMPANY VALUE WITH DIVIDEND POLICY AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE (Empirical Study on Manufacturing Companies in the Consumer Goods Industry Sector Listed on the IDX in 2020-2022)

Muhammad Raghib Ardianto — 2025-07-04

This study aims to determine the effect of profitability, leverage and liquidity on company value with dividend policy as an intervening variable (case study of Manufacturing companies in the Consumer Goods Industry Sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2020-2022). The population in this study were Manufacturing companies in the Consumer Goods Industry Sector for the period 2020-2022. The research sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique, which is a sampling technique using predetermined criteria, so that a total sample of 63 research samples was obtained. This research method uses a quantitative method. This study uses secondary data obtained through data on idx.com, yahoo.finance.com and the respective company websites. The results of the study indicate that profitability and leverage have a positive effect on company value. Profitability, Leverage, Liquidity have no effect on dividend policy. Profitability, Leverage, Liquidity and Dividend Policy have no effect on company value. Dividend Policy is unable to mediate the effect of profitability, leverage and liquidity on company value.

STRENGTHS AND CHALLENGES: SINGLE MOTHERS' RESILIENCE IN PARENTING A CHILD WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY

Elsa Ofi Fitriana — 2025-07-02

Being a single mother in caring for a child with Intellectual Disability (ID) is a complex challenge that involves emotional, social, and economic aspects. This study aims to understand the resilience of single mothers in facing the challenges of caring for children with ID using a qualitative phenomenological approach. This study involved a single mother participant who has been parenting a child with ID for 26 years. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The results showed that resilience of single mothers is formed through three main aspects: social support, adaptation to economic challenges, and positive coping mechanisms. The findings highlight the importance of resilience as a key factor for single mothers in navigating their complex roles. This research provides practical insights for social service providers and mental health professionals to design interventions that support the well-being of single mothers with Intellectual disability children.

DESIGN OF AUTOMATIC WATERING SYSTEM FOR JASMINE FLOWER ORNAMENTAL PLANTS USING IOT-BASED MICROCONTROLLER

Hartesa Osi — 2025-06-17

The rapid development of information technology has provided convenience in various aspects of human life, including in the fields of agriculture and ornamental plant care. One of the technologies that is currently developing is the Internet of Things (IoT), which allows the integration of physical devices with internet networks to automate and monitor in real time. This study aims to design and build an automatic watering system for jasmine ornamental plants based on a microcontroller using the Arduino IoT Cloud platform. This system is designed to help homeowners care for ornamental plants more efficiently, especially in terms of watering which has so far been done manually. With the help of soil moisture and temperature sensors, this system can monitor the environmental conditions of plants and water them automatically as needed. Through the Arduino IoT Cloud application that can be accessed via smartphone, users can also monitor and control the system remotely. It is hoped that this system can overcome the limitations in manual plant care, as well as increase the effectiveness and efficiency in maintaining the health of jasmine ornamental plants.

NEEDS ANALYSIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CANVA-BASED EDUCATIONAL GAME MEDIA IN SCIENCE LEARNING IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS

Kusmirah — 2025-06-29

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan terhadap pengembangan media game edukatif berbasis Canva dalam konteks pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial (IPAS) di Sekolah Dasar. Seiring dengan meningkatnya urgensi pemanfaatan media digital yang inovatif dalam dunia pendidikan, penggunaan Canva sebagai alat bantu visual interaktif dinilai memiliki potensi besar dalam meningkatkan minat dan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi IPAS. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi pembelajaran, wawancara dengan guru, serta penyebaran angket kepada siswa untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi aktual dan harapan ideal terkait media pembelajaran. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran yang digunakan saat ini belum sepenuhnya mampu memfasilitasi pembelajaran interaktif dan kontekstual, terutama dalam memadukan aspek sains dan sosial secara menarik. Kurangnya media yang visual, menyenangkan, dan mudah diakses menjadi salah satu faktor rendahnya keterlibatan siswa dalam proses belajar. Guru juga mengungkapkan antusiasme terhadap penggunaan game edukatif berbasis Canva karena kemudahan desain dan fleksibilitas penggunaannya di berbagai topik. Temuan ini mengindikasikan perlunya pengembangan media game edukatif yang relevan, interaktif, dan sesuai dengan karakteristik peserta didik abad ke-21, serta mampu mendukung transformasi pembelajaran IPAS yang lebih menyenangkan dan bermakna di tingkat sekolah dasar

PERCEPTIONS OF MULTINATIONAL STUDENTS ON SUNDANESE GASTRONOMY READING ENRICHMENT ASSISTED BY AUGMENTED REALITY FOR BIPA LEARNERS

Jessie Mulyanie — 2025-06-30

This study aims to provide reading learning materials enriched with Augmented Reality (AR) using Sundanese Gastronomy for non-native Indonesian language learners (BIPA). This study emphasizes the importance of incorporating local culture into language education and the limited use of interactive technologies, such as Augmented Reality, in BIPA classes. This study used a descriptive qualitative methodology, including an open-ended questionnaire for data collection from six BIPA learners representing various countries. The collected data were analyzed thematically to reveal learners’ responses, needs, and perspectives on the resulting learning materials. The results showed that all participants had no prior experience with AR media but showed significant interest in its use in learning. The resulting learning tools improved reading comprehension, interestingly presented Indonesian culture, and stimulated more active learning. The application of Sundanese Gastronomy in reading materials provided an authentic cultural background, while the Augmented Reality (AR) aspect enhanced visualization and participation in learning. The findings suggest that creating AR-based reading materials that integrate local culture can provide a new approach to enhance interactive, contextual, and intercultural BIPA learning.

REVIEW OF LOGISTICS SYSTEM FOR DEVELOPMENT OF LEADING COMMODITY AGROINDUSTRY TO SUPPORT SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES (SEZS) IN ACEH PROVINCE

Ramayana — 2025-08-06

Agro-industry development is one of the priorities of Aceh's economic development which is based on increasing agricultural sector production as a source of raw materials for industry. The Aceh government has established the development of special economic zones as one of the strategic steps for economic development. This study aims to analyze the logistics system to support the development of the Aceh Special Economic Zone agroindustry in Lhokseumawe and its surroundings. This study uses a survey method by collecting data from various sources that will play a role in the development of agro-industry in this area. The input-output analysis model is used to see the role of each subsector in supporting agro-industry in the region. The research results show that the plantation sector is one of the providers of agro-industrial raw materials that still has the greatest opportunities with a raw material availability coefficient of between 111 and 239 percent. The main plantation commodities as raw materials are coconut, palm oil, coffee, and cocoa. The logistics index of raw material availability is 28 percent. Therefore, the Aceh Government prioritizes agro-industry based on the potential availability of agro-industry raw materials.

LEGAL CERTAINTY IN THE TRANSFER OF LAND RIGHTS THROUGH AUCTION: A CASE ANALYSIS OF THE SUPREME COURT DECISION NO. 920 K/PDT/2020 ON THE CANCELLATION OF EXECUTION SEIZURE OF ENCUMBERED LAND

Farly Kanserano Jabiy — 2025-06-30

This article examines the legal certainty of transferring land rights through public auction in Indonesia, with a specific focus on the Supreme Court Decision No. 920 K/Pdt/2020. The decision addresses a case involving a request to annul the execution seizure of encumbered land obtained through auction. The study applies a normative juridical method and uses statutory and case approaches to explore the alignment of legal proceedings with positive law. It particularly investigates the auction process, the nature of mortgage rights (Hak Tanggungan), and the legal implications for third parties claiming inheritance rights. The decision ultimately reaffirmed the purchaser's rights and provided a precedent supporting legal certainty in auction-based land transfer. This analysis highlights the importance of executing court decisions with enforceable power and the role of mortgage law in ensuring creditor protection and legal clarity for auction buyers.

DISPARITY OF LEGAL CULTURE AND SOCIAL IDENTITY CRISIS IN INTER-RELIGIOUS MARRIAGE. (CASE STUDY OF MEPAMIT CUSTOM IN THE VIEW OF RELIGIOUS FIGURES IN PETANG VILLAGE, BADUNG, BALI.)

Jessica Aulia — 2025-06-24

This study aims to examine the position of the mepamit custom in Indonesian marriage law and to understand the views of religious leaders on the implementation of this tradition in the context of interfaith marriage in Petang Village, Badung Regency, Bali. Mepamit is a traditional procession in Balinese Hindu society that functions as a request for spiritual permission to ancestors when someone wants to change religions due to interfaith marriage. This study uses a qualitative approach with case study methods, in-depth interviews, and participatory observation. The results of the study indicate that mepamit has a position as a living customary law and plays an important role in maintaining the continuity of spiritual relationships between individuals and their ancestors. Hindu religious leaders emphasize that this procession is a moral and spiritual obligation, while Islamic religious leaders show a tolerant attitude as long as its implementation does not violate the principles of faith. These findings show that mepamit is a symbol of reconciliation between individual freedom and collective values, and reflects the practice of functional tolerance in a multicultural society. This study contributes to strengthening legal pluralism in Indonesia and provides new understanding of the role of customary law in contemporary socio-religious dynamics.

EFFORTS TO INCREASE FAMILY INCOME INDEPENDENTLY THROUGH HOME AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY: CONTRIBUTION OF PINE TAPPING (PINUS MERKUSII)

Irada Sinta — 2025-06-08

Pine resin (Pinus merkusii) is one of the non-timber forest products (NTFPs) that plays an important role in increasing the income of rural communities. This study aims to analyze the level of income and contribution of pine resin tapping to family income in Cane Toa Village, Rikit Gaib District, Gayo Lues Regency. The method used was a census of 55 pine resin tapper respondents. Data were analyzed quantitatively using the contribution formula and household income analysis. The results showed that the average income from pine resin tapping was IDR 3,319,818.4 per production, while income from other sectors reached IDR 4,156,370.85. The total average income of tapper families was IDR 7,476,189.31 per production. The contribution of pine resin tapping to total family income was recorded at 44.4%, included in the "good" category according to the classification of Kepmendagri No. 690,900,327 in 1996. These results confirm that pine resin tapping plays a significant role in supporting the household economy in the region, although technical assistance is still needed so that tapping practices are more sustainable and efficient.

TIME HAS CHANGED: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY OF FARMERS' LIVES AMID INDUSTRIAL EXPANSION

Muhammad Anggit Hendrawan — 2025-06-29

The development of the Kendal Industrial Estate (KIK), as part of Indonesia's national industrialization agenda, has resulted in large-scale land conversion in Wonorejo Village, Kendal. This study aims to deeply examine the transformation of fish farmers’ lives following the conversion of agrarian space into industrial zones. Employing a qualitative approach through an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) design, this research explores the subjective experiences of five directly affected farmers. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation. The findings reveal that the relocation of fish ponds triggered income decline, disruption of local agribusiness supply chains, and a crisis in farmers’ social identity. Although some successfully transitioned to new occupations, adaptive inequality emerged due to differing levels of social and economic capital. Farmers who failed to adapt experienced structural marginalization and a loss of social status within the village community. These findings reflect a process of agrarian dispossession, where farmers lost access to the means of production without fully integrating into the modern industrial labor system. Moreover, the disappearance of ponds damaged the local food production ecosystem and eroded community-based values such as mutual cooperation. While KIK has delivered macroeconomic benefits, including increased investment and employment opportunities, the development remains poorly integrated with local economic systems in an equitable and sustainable manner. Based on these results, it is recommended that land conversion policies actively involve affected communities, ensure fair compensation, and safeguard the socio-ecological sustainability of rural livelihoods. This study emphasizes the need for development approaches that pursue not only economic growth but also justice and resilience for agrarian societies at the local level.

A JURIDICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS OF A NEW INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK TO REPLACE SKK MIGAS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTICLE 33 OF THE 1945 CONSTITUTION AND RENEWABLE ENERGY

Rizkiyadi Darmowiyoto — 2025-06-23

The oil and gas (Migas) sector holds a strategic role in Indonesia’s economy, serving both as a significant source of state revenue and as the country’s primary energy supply. However, national oil and gas governance continues to face major challenges, particularly regarding institutional arrangements and the effectiveness of existing supervisory mechanisms. The Constitutional Court (Mahkamah Konstitusi) Decision No. 36/PUU-X/2012 (“MK Decision No. 36”) which dissolved the Executive Agency for Upstream Oil and Gas Business Activities (BP Migas), reaffirmed the need for the establishment of a new institution that is more in line with the mandate of Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. To date, the Special Task Force for Upstream Oil and Gas Business Activities (SKK Migas), which replaced BP Migas, remains a provisional entity without a permanent statutory basis. This study aims to conduct a juridical and philosophical analysis of the potential form of a new institutional framework to replace SKK Migas. It adopts an approach grounded in economic law theories, including the Economic Efficiency Theory of Richard A. Posner, the Pure Theory of Law by Hans Kelsen, the Theory of Distributive Justice by John Rawls, John Austin’s Theory of Legal Validity, The Concept of Law of H.L.A. Hart, and other relevant legal theories. Through this theoretical lens, the research explores institutional models that are more effective, efficient, transparent, accountable, and oriented toward public welfare in the governance of the national oil and gas sector. The findings indicate: (1) The draft of Oil and Gas Law (RUU Migas) must stipulate a legally stronger institutional framework that integrates both supervisory and operational functions through transparent and accountable mechanisms; (2) The draft legislation should incorporate the principles of renewable energy (EBT) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), while remaining grounded in the mandate of Article 33 paragraphs (2) and (3) of the 1945 Constitution as the foundation of the State. Accordingly, this study recommends that oil and gas regulation should not only focus on enhancing investment but also promote transparency, accountability, and energy sustainability—ensuring that national oil and gas policy aligns with the constitutional mandate of Article 33 and international standards in support of a sustainable energy transition.

ANALYSIS OF DAMAGES IN UNLAWFUL ACTS LAWSUITS: STUDY OF DECISION NO. 23/Pdt.G. S/2022/PN Mnd

Sri Stevani Arumi — 2025-06-21

This study analyzes the legal implications of business actors' administrative negligence in delivering vehicle registration documents (STNK), based on Decision No. 23/Pdt.GS/2022/PN Mnd. The delay caused both material and immaterial losses to the consumer, including financial burden and reputational damage. Using a normative juridical method with case and statute approaches, the study examines the applicability of Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code and the Consumer Protection Law. The findings reveal a normative gap in determining immaterial compensation within small claim court mechanisms, where the judge partially granted the claim (IDR 20 million from the IDR 50 million demanded) without clear legal reasoning or proportional assessment. This suggests an absence of standardized legal parameters to measure non-material harm in consumer disputes. The study advocates for the establishment of normative guidelines and jurisprudence to assess immaterial damages fairly in simplified civil procedures. The research contributes to legal scholarship by offering a structured critique of compensation reasoning in civil litigation, highlighting the need for clearer standards in the enforcement of consumer protection.

SOUTH KOREAN STUDENTS' PERSPECTIVES ON THE NEED FOR BIPA READING TEACHING MATERIALS BASED ON LIVELIHOOD CULTURE

Dinar Asri — 2025-06-30

This study aims to identify the views of South Korean students on Indonesian Language reading materials for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) that raise the theme of livelihood culture. The method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through questionnaires filled out by Busan University of Foreign Studies BIPA 3 and 4 students. The results of the study show that students are interested in cultural themes, such as civet coffee, salt farmers in Bali, and Minang restaurants. They expect reading materials that are presented digitally and interactively, equipped with supporting images or videos to be more interesting and easy to understand. In addition, students consider the similarity of cultural values between Indonesia and South Korea as a factor that facilitates understanding and increases interest in learning.

THE ROLE OF HARDINESS PERSONALITY ON WORKLIFE BALANCE WITH INTERNAL LOCUS OF CONTROL AS A MEDIATION VARIABLE

Endang Sapti Prihatini — 2025-08-09

Complex challenges force professional workers, especially female police officers, to maintain a balance between their professional and personal lives. Their duties are not only physically demanding but also emotionally and psychologically demanding. This can lead to an imbalance between their personal and work lives (work-life balance) that can potentially reduce their well-being and performance. This study aims to analyze the effect of hardiness personality on work-life balance, with locus of control as a mediating variable. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of institutional support in enhancing psychological resilience and stress management strategies for female police officers to improve their well-being and work effectiveness. A quantitative explanatory approach with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the relationship between variables. The study sample consisted of 163 female police officers in the Aceh Regional Police selected through purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted using the hardiness personality scale, work-life balance scale, and locus of control scale. Hypothesis testing on hardiness personality shows a p value of 0.000 (p <0.05), a p value of 0.000 (p <0.05) on work-life balance, a p value of 0.024 (p <0.05) on LoC, and a p value of 0.038 (p <0.05) on Loc as a mediator. Based on these results, it can be concluded that hardiness personality can influence work-life balance through Locus of Control.

EVALUATING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SUBJECT AREA SCIENCE CLUB PROGRAM USING CIPP MODEL

Jupri Marsal — 2025-06-30

This study evaluates the implementation of the Science Club program in the field of study at MAN Insan Cendekia, Batam City using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model. This club aims to develop students' interests, talents, and competencies in science and support the strengthening of the profile of superior science students. Data were obtained through a mixed method: questionnaire (Likert scale), interviews, observations, and documentation. The results indicated that the program was quite effective with all aspects rated as "Excellent." However, several challenges in terms of facilities, motivation for high-achieving students, and relevance of science applications were found. Recommendations for improvement include increasing resources, diversifying activities, and an impact-based evaluation system.

WORK SYSTEM ASPECTS ASSOCIATED WITH PRODUCTIVITY OF RAILWAY STATION FACILITY INSPECTION OFFICERS IN KISARAN

Hasanatun Laili — 2025-06-22

Work productivity is influenced by various factors, one of which is an effective work system. A good work system can provide a sense of security and comfort for workers. This study aims to analyze the relationship between work systems consisting of work motivation, work materials and productivity of facility inspection officers at the Kisaran Railway Station. This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of 43 railway station facility inspectors, with the sampling technique using total sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire covering three main variables: work motivation (10 questions), work materials (9 questions), and work productivity (9 questions). Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression tests. The results of this study concluded that work motivation has no effect on work productivity. Work materials have a positive effect on work productivity. Highly motivated employees will strive to achieve good work productivity and actively contribute to achieving organizational goals.

ANALYSIS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL'S AUTHORITY IN CRIMINAL ECONOMIC LAW POLICY IN INDONESIA

Zainur Arifin Syah — 2025-06-23

The Public Prosecutor's Office's authority to investigate economic crimes in Indonesia remains limited, both normatively and institutionally. Yet the complexity and magnitude of losses resulting from economic offenses demand an institution with adequate juridical and technical capabilities. To address issues concerning the legal basis for these limitations, their impact on law enforcement, and an ideal legal‐policy model for the Public Prosecutor's Office, a normative legal approach was employed, incorporating statutory, case‐law, historical, comparative, and conceptual analyses. The discussion examines the grounds for such limitations under positive law, the prevailing legal‐policy direction, and the design of criminal institutions, according to which the Public Prosecutor's Office may exercise investigative functions only where governed by a lex specialis provision. Moreover, the normative and practical effects of these limitations on enforcement effectiveness are analyzed, particularly in relation to inter-agency coordination, legal certainty, and public confidence. In light of the Public Prosecutor's Office's success in handling major corruption cases, which are part of the broader category of economic crimes, there is a pressing need to formulate a legal‐policy model to expand and strengthen the institution's role. As a solution, a criminal‐law reform model is proposed that positions the Public Prosecutor's Office as the principal investigative body through centralized authority, accountable procedures, and integrated cross‐agency governance. This model is intended to establish a more centralized, efficient, and credible system for enforcing economic criminal law while reinforcing the direction of national criminal-law reform.

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION PATTERN OF BEHAVIOURISTIC THEORY AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OF FIQH LEARNING OBJECTIVES AT MTs DARUL AMIN PALANGKA RAYA CITY

Sayid Ahmad Ramadhan — 2025-06-29

This study aims to explore the implementation pattern of behaviouristic theory in learning Jurisprudence in class VII at MTs Darul Amin Palangka Raya City and examine its real contribution to the achievement of educational goals. Using a qualitative approach and descriptive-analytical field research method, this study found that the implementation of behaviouristic theory, especially in the topic of Hajj and Umrah, has been able to shape students' learning behaviour systematically through structured stimulus reinforcement. Interestingly, the practice in the field shows an integrative tendency with the principles of constructivistic theory, marked by the existence of discussion space and teacher flexibility in adjusting teaching strategies to the psychosocial dynamics of learners. This finding indicates that although behaviourism focuses on observable behaviour change, in certain contexts it can still synergise with pedagogical approaches that are more humanistic and dialogical.

SENTIMENT ANALYSIS OF TEACHER PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT (SMKS HASSINA SUKABUMI)

Yossy Rosalinda — 2025-09-28

Teacher performance assessment is an important instrument in improving the quality of education, especially at the Vocational High School (SMK) level. This study aims to analyze sentiment towards teacher performance assessment at SMKS Hassina Sukabumi using a sentiment analysis approach. Research data were obtained through surveys and reviews from students, colleagues, and school management who provided assessments of teacher performance based on pedagogical, professional, personality, and social indicators. The method used was text mining-based sentiment analysis with Orange software on qualitative data in the form of open responses, comments, and testimonials collected through interviews. The results showed that most assessments had positive sentiment, reflecting appreciation for teacher competence and dedication. However, negative sentiment was also found, indicating the need for improvements in aspects of learning innovation and technology utilization. These findings are expected to serve as a basis for school management in formulating more effective teacher professional development strategies, as well as input in the ongoing evaluation process to improve the quality of learning at SMKS Hassina Sukabumi.

THE TRANSFORMATION OF LOCAL VALUES AND CULTURE IN FACING GLOBALIZATION IN INDONESIA’S MULTICULTURAL SOCIETY

Asmara Juana Suhardi — 2025-06-29

Indonesia, with its vast cultural diversity and rich local traditions, faces significant challenges in maintaining its identity amid the forces of globalization. This study explores the transformation of local values and cultural practices as Indonesia’s multicultural society interacts with global influences. Through qualitative research, including interviews and ethnographic observations, the study examines how globalization impacts local customs, languages, religious practices, and social norms across different ethnic groups in Indonesia. The findings reveal a complex dynamic where globalization both threatens the preservation of traditional values and simultaneously facilitates their evolution. Local communities are adopting global trends while reinterpreting them through a lens of their cultural heritage. Furthermore, globalization has led to the blending of traditional and modern cultural expressions, fostering a hybrid identity. The study also highlights the role of media, education, and migration in accelerating this transformation. This research provides valuable insights into how multicultural societies like Indonesia negotiate the delicate balance between cultural preservation and global integration, contributing to the broader discourse on globalization's impact on local cultures.

THE IMPACT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL AND AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP ON ACADEMIC SERVICE QUALITY: A CASE STUDY FROM PADANGSIDIMPUAN, INDONESIA

Muhammad Syahril Harahap — 2025-07-07

This study investigates the influence of transformational-authentic leadership on academic service quality in higher education institutions. Integrating the theoretical frameworks of transformational and authentic leadership, this research explores how ethical vision-driven leadership affects dimensions of academic services, particularly from the perspective of staff and faculty. Using a quantitative approach with 250 respondents across three universities in Padangsidimpuan City, North Sumatra, Indonesia data were analyzed using SPSS with descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. Results show that transformational-authentic leadership positively and significantly predicts academic service quality, with authentic relational transparency and authentic individualized consideration emerging as key contributors. The study contributes to leadership and service quality literature by proposing a hybrid leadership model as a strategic lever to elevate institutional service performance.

THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND TEACHER DISCIPLINE ON TEACHER PROFESSIONALITY THROUGH TEACHER JOB SATISFACTION AT SMPN 1 SERBA JADI

Dara Mustika Saragih — 2025-06-28

This study aims to analyze the influence of Teacher Discipline and Transformational Leadership on Teacher Job Satisfaction and Teacher Professionalism in schools. Using a quantitative approach with path analysis, the results of the study indicate that Teacher Discipline has a significant influence on Teacher Job Satisfaction and Teacher Professionalism, both directly and through job satisfaction channels. In addition, Transformational Leadership also has a significant influence on both variables, although slightly lower than teacher discipline. Teacher Job Satisfaction acts as a mediator between teacher discipline and transformational leadership with teacher professionalism. This finding confirms the importance of the role of discipline and transformational leadership in improving teacher professionalism through increasing job satisfaction. This study suggests that schools focus more on developing supportive discipline and leadership and creating a work environment that improves teacher satisfaction and professionalism.

THE IMPACT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LATEST PSAK ON THE QUALITY OF FINANCIAL REPORTS OF PUBLIC COMPANIES IN INDONESIA

Nia Kurniasih — 2025-07-28

Changes in accounting regulations through the implementation of the latest Financial Accounting Standards Statements (PSAK) have had a significant impact on the financial reporting practices of public companies in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the impact of the implementation of the latest PSAK on the quality of issuers' financial reports, by assessing the aspects of relevance, reliability, and comparability of the reports produced. This study uses a quantitative approach with a documentation study method on the annual financial reports of public companies before and after the implementation of new standards, such as PSAK 71, 72, and 73. The analysis was carried out using a regression statistical test to see the relationship between variables. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the latest PSAK significantly improves the quality of financial reports, especially in terms of transparency and relevance of information. However, challenges were also found in terms of adapting the recording system and increasing the burden of accounting compliance. In conclusion, the implementation of the latest PSAK contributes positively to the quality of issuers' financial reports in Indonesia, but adequate technical assistance is needed for companies to optimize the benefits of implementing these standards.