EFFECTIVENESS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LEGAL REGULATIONS ON PEOPLE'S BUSINESS CREDIT ON THE INCREASE OF MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (Case Study of PT Bank Mandiri Binjai Branch)
DOI:
10.5281/zenodo.22039734Published:
2026-07-19Downloads
Abstract
People's Business Credit (KUR) is a government policy aimed at expanding access to financing for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Even though it is supported by various regulations, the implementation of KUR still faces problems, especially regarding the application of the precautionary principle, understanding additional collateral, and the effectiveness of legal protection for debtors. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of KUR legal regulations at PT Bank Mandiri Binjai Branch, its conformity with statutory provisions, and the effectiveness of its implementation based on Soerjono Soekanto's theory of legal effectiveness. The research uses empirical juridical methods with a descriptive analytical approach. Primary data was obtained through interviews and observations, while secondary data was obtained through literature study of relevant laws and regulations, books, journals and literature. The research results show that the implementation of KUR at PT Bank Mandiri Binjai Branch is in accordance with Law Number 10 of 1998 concerning Banking, Law Number 20 of 2008 concerning MSMEs, Government Regulation Number 7 of 2021, and Regulation of the Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs Number 3 of 2024. The application of the precautionary principle is carried out through business feasibility analysis, field surveys, credit history checks, and the application of moral obligations that are not categorized as collateral. additional. Based on the analysis of legal effectiveness theory, the implementation of KUR regulations has been effective from the aspects of law, law enforcement, facilities, society and culture, although increased socialization is still needed to strengthen public understanding of KUR provisions.
Keywords:
Legal Effectiveness People's Business Credit Legal Protection Prudential Principle MSMEsReferences
Book:
Djumhana, M. (2018). Banking Law in Indonesia. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti.
Hadjon, P. M. (2014). Legal Protection for the People in Indonesia. Surabaya: Peradaban.
Kasmir. (2023). Banking Management (Revised Edition). Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Rivai, V., & Veithzal, A. P. (2013). Credit Management Handbook: Theory, Concepts, Procedures, and Applications. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Soekanto, S. (2014). Factors Influencing Law Enforcement
(13th Edition). Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Soerjono Soekanto & Sri Mamudji. (2015). Normative Legal Research: A Brief Review. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Usman, R. (2022). Legal Aspects of Banking in Indonesia. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Journal:
Febrian, A., & Syahputra, R. (2023). Effectiveness of People's Business Credit Distribution in Increasing Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in North Sumatra. Journal of Law and Business, 5(2), 112–128. https://doi.org/10.31219/jhmb.v5i2.1234
Harahap, M. Y., & Lubis, R. F. (2024). Regulatory Barriers in the Implementation of People's Business Credit for MSMEs in North Sumatra. Scientific Journal of Islamic Economic Law, 6(1), 45–62. https://doi.org/10.30829/jihekon.v6i1.5678
Kurniasih, D., & Wibowo, T. (2023). Analysis of the Effectiveness of the KUR Program on MSME Growth: A Study at Bank Mandiri. Journal of Economics and Finance, 7(3), 201–219. https://doi.org/10.21002/jeki.v7i3.4321
Nasution, A. H., & Siregar, H. M. (2024). Legal Protection for MSME Debtors in KUR Credit Agreements Based on Standard Clauses. Bonum Commune Business Law Journal, 7(1), 78–95. https://doi.org/10.30996/jhbbc.v7i1.8901
Puspitasari, N., & Rahmawati, D. (2023). Implementation of Bank Prudential Principles in Distributing KUR to MSMEs. Journal of Legal Transparency, 6(2), 89–105. https://doi.org/10.30737/transparansi.v6i2.3456
Simanjuntak, B. A., & Manurung, R. (2024). Factors Affecting the Accessibility of KUR for MSMEs in Binjai City. Journal of Business and Management, 11(1), 34–51. https://doi.org/10.24198/jbm.v11i1.2345
Legislation and Regulations:
Law Number 10 of 1998 concerning Amendments to Law Number 7 of 1992 concerning Banking. 1998 Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 182.
1999 Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. 1999 Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 42.
1999 Law Number 20 of 2008 concerning Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises. Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 93 of 2008.
Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation. Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 245 of 2020.
Government Regulation Number 7 of 2021 concerning Facilitation, Protection, and Empowerment of Cooperatives and Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises. Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 17 of 2021.
Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 18/POJK.03/2017 concerning Reporting and Requests for Debtor Information through the Financial Information Services System.
Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 40/POJK.03/2019 concerning Asset Quality Assessment of Commercial Banks.
Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 31/POJK.07/2020 concerning the Provision of Consumer and Public Services in the Financial Services Sector by the Financial Services Authority.
Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 6/POJK.07/2022 concerning Consumer and Public Protection in the Financial Services Sector.
Regulation of the Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs Number 1 of 2023 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of Micro-Business Credit.
Regulation of the Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs Number 3 of 2024 concerning Amendments to Regulation of the Coordinating Minister Number 1 of 2023 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of Micro-Business Credit.
Regulation of the Minister of Finance Number 25/PMK.05/2024 concerning Procedures for the Implementation of Interest Subsidies/Margin Subsidies for Micro-Business Credit.
Data and Institutional Reports:
Central Statistics Agency of North Sumatra Province. (2024). North Sumatra MSME Statistics 2024. Medan: BPS Sumut. https://sumut.bps.go.id
Internal Data of Bank Mandiri Binjai Branch. (2024). 2023–2024 KUR Distribution Report. Binjai: PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk.
Binjai City Cooperatives and SMEs Office. (2024). Binjai City MSME Profile Data 2024. Binjai: Binjai City Cooperatives and SMEs Office.
Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs. (2024). Annual Report on the Development of Indonesian MSMEs 2024. Jakarta: Kemenkopukm. https://kemenkopukm.go.id
Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs. (2024). National KUR Realization in 2024. Jakarta: Kemenko Perekonomian. https://ekon.go.id/kur2024
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Copyright (c) 2026 Shaila Aulia Prilini, M. Rizal, M. Hum
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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