EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION FOREIGN OFFICIAL TRAVEL (PDLN) POLICIES (CASE STUDY AT THE THE AGENCY FOR MARINE AND FISHERIES EXTENSION AND HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT)
DOI:
10.54443/morfai.v6i1.4714Published:
2025-12-19Downloads
Abstract
Foreign Official Travel (PDLN) serves as a strategic instrument to enhance the capacity of Indonesia’s civil servants and to support the national human resource development agenda. However, the significant state investment allocated to PDLN particularly at the Human Resource Development Agency for Marine Affairs and Fisheries (BPPSDM KP) often faces suboptimal implementation practices, potentially leading to budget inefficiencies and failures in performance accountability. This qualitative case study aims to analyze the implementation gaps in PDLN policy at BPPSDM KP using Merilee S. Grindle’s framework, focusing on the dimensions of Content of Policy and Context of Implementation. The findings show that ineffective implementation is driven by the interaction of two key factors: (1) ambiguity in the Content of Policy, particularly the inconsistent interpretation of financial regulations (PMK) related to the calculation of Daily Allowances (Uang Harian), which repeatedly triggers findings by the Audit Board of Indonesia (BPK); and (2) critical weaknesses in the Context of Implementation, marked by low accountability as reflected in consistently high rates of delayed reporting (above 20% during 2022–2025) and the absence of a Knowledge Management System (KMS) to ensure institutional utilization of PDLN outcomes. To enhance efficiency and performance accountability, this study recommends strengthening a digital KMS and implementing mandatory Cost-Benefit Analysis for every PDLN proposal to ensure an adequate return on investment for the institution.
Keywords:
Foreign Official Travel, Public Accountability, Budget Efficiency, Policy Implementation, Public Governance, BPPSDM.References
Agustina, R. S., & Rahaju, T. (2021). Evaluasi penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusif di Kota Surabaya. Publika, 9(3), 109–124. https://doi.org/10.26740/publika.v9n3.p109-124
Agustino, L. (2006). Dasar-dasar kebijakan publik. CV. Alfabeta.
Akbar, M. F., & Mohi, W. K. (2018). Studi evaluasi kebijakan (Evaluasi beberapa kebijakan di Indonesia). Ideas Publishing.
Akib, H. (2012). Implementasi kebijakan: Apa, mengapa dan bagaimana. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi Publik, 1(1). 10.26858/jiap.v1i1.289.
Al Hudib, A., & Cousins, J. B. (2022). Understanding evaluation policy and organizational capacity for evaluation: An interview study. American Journal of Evaluation, 43(2), 234–254.
Anderson, N., Potocnik, K., & Zhou, J. (2014). Innovation and creativity in organizations: A state-of-the-science review, prospective commentary, and guiding framework. Journal of Management, 40(5), 1297–1333. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206314527128
Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2007). Collaborative governance in theory and practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543–571. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mum032
Argote, L & Ingram, P. (2000). Knowledge Transfer: A Basis for Competitive Advantage in Firms, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes.Volume 82, Issue 1,Pages 150-169, ISSN 0749-5978, https://doi.org/10.1006/obhd.2000.2893.
Blomkamp, E., Sholikin, M. N., Nursyamsi, F., Lewis, J. M., & Toumbourou, T. (2018). Understanding policymaking in Indonesia. KSI Working Paper, 26, 1–45. https://www.ksi-indonesia.org/assets/uploads/original/2020/03/ksi-1585501090.pdf
Bovens, M. (2007). Analyzing and assessing accountability: A conceptual framework. European Law Journal, 13(4), 447–468. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0386.2007.00378.x
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Qualitative, quantitative and mixed method approach (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Davenport, T.H. and Prusak, L. (1998). Working Knowledge: How Organizations Manage What They Know. Harvard Business School Press, Boston.
Dela Cruz, R., & Santos, M. (2020). Analyzing policy clarity and consistency in public sector manuals: Implications for travel order enforcement in the Philippines. Journal of Public Policy and Administration,
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (Eds.). (2018). The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (5th ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc.
Dilapanga, A. R., & Rantung, M. I. R. (2022). Monitoring & evaluasi kebijakan publik. Deepublish Digital.
Dunn, W. N. (2003). Pengantar analisis kebijakan publilk. Gadjah Mada University Press.
Dunn, W. N. (2018). Public policy analysis: An integrated approach. Taylor & Francis.
Dye, T. R. (2017). Understanding public policy (15th ed.). Pearson.
Flick, U. (2009). An introduction to qualitative research (4th ed.). SAGE Publications. https://elearning.shisu.edu.cn/pluginfile.php/35310/mod_resource/content/2/Research-Intro-Flick.pdf
Fuad, A. S., et al. (2025). Pengaruh sistem hukum terhadap kerugian keuangan negara dalam perjalanan dinas fiktif pada Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Pulau Morotai. Jurnal Akuntabilitas Publik, 53–54.
Hajaroh, M. (2019). Pohon teori evaluasi kebijakan dan program (Metode, nilai dan menilai, penggunaan). Foundasia, 9(1), 27–42.
Hayat, H., & Artisa, R. A. (2019). Conference on Administration Science (ICAS 2019). (Sumber tidak lengkap, diasumsikan sebagai proceeding).
Jones, A. B., Smith, C. D., & Johnson, E. F. (2019). Leveraging technology for effective communication and collaboration in organizations. Journal of Organizational Technology, 15(1), 45–63.
Kosowan, L., Shannon, S., Rothney, J., Halas, G. A., Enns, J. E., Holmqvist, M., Wener, P., Goertzen, L., & Katz, A. (2021). Informing the physical activity evaluation framework: A scoping review of reviews. American Journal of Health Promotion, 36(3), 340–366.
Lee, S., & Kim, J. (2022). Enhancing Public Sector Travel Management: An Evaluation Of Policy Compliance And Cost-Efficiency in Korean Ministries. Asian Journal of Public Administration.
Lumempouw, J. E., et al. (2021). Analisis peran aparat pengawas internal pemerintah (APIP) dalam pencegahan dan pendeteksian fraud biaya perjalanan dinas (Studi kasus pada Inspektorat Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara). Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 260–261.
Mahfudin, et al. (2025). Efektivitas dan efisiensi biaya uang harian perjalanan dinas dalam negeri. Jurnal Manajemen Publik, 67–68.
Maulana, D. (2019). Kebijakan publik (Cara mudah memahami kebijakan publik). (Penerbit tidak diketahui).
Mergoni, A., & De Witte, K. (2022). Policy evaluation and efficiency: a systematic literature review. International Transactions in Operational Research, 29(3), 1337–1359. https://doi.org/10.1111/itor.13012
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc.
Noor, M., Suaedi, F., & Mardiyanta Antun. (Eds.). (2022). Collaborative governance suatu tinjauan teoritis dan praktik. CV. Bildung Nusantara.
Nugroho, R. (2012). Public policy for the developing countries. Pustaka Pelajar – Institute for Policy Reform.
Prabowo, H., Suwanda, D., & Syafri, W. (2022). Inovasi pelayanan pada organisasi publik. CV Remaja Rosdakarya.
Priambodo, D., & Yuniarianti, A. (2025). Peran strategis belanja perjalanan dinas dalam mendorong perekonomian sektor pariwisata: Analisis data panel di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 83–84.
Rani, S., & Sharma, V. (2023). Accountability mechanisms in government expenditure: A study of foreign travel audit findings in India. Journal of Accountability and Audit Research.
R Affrian. (2020). Model-model formulasi, implementasi, dan evaluasi kebijakan. CV. Bintang Semesta Media.
Rudzikyani, S., et al. (2025). Efektivitas penerapan Aplikasi Sipanas (Sistem Informasi Perjalanan Dinas) di Pemerintah Kota Surabaya. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 253–254.
Santos, A. (2020, 6 Oktober). Pembelajaran jarak jauh mengungkap kesenjangan digital. Heinrich Böll Stiftung Southeast Asia. https://eu.boell.org/en/2020/10/06/philippines-distance-learning-reveals-digital-divide
Sørensen, E., & Torfing, J. (2016). Collaborative innovation in the public sector. Dalam E. Sørensen & J. Torfing (Eds.), Enhancing public innovation by transforming public governance. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Tan, L., & Chen, H. (2021). The role of institutional capacity in policy implementation success: A case study of international collaboration programs in Singapore. International Public Management Journal.
Taufiqurakhman. (2014). Kebijakan Publik Pendelegasian Tanggung Jawab Negara Kepada Presiden Selaku Penyelenggara Pemerintahan. Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Moestopo Beragama (Pers).
Van Meter, D. S., & Van Horn, C. E. (1975). The policy implementation process: A conceptual framework. Administration & Society, 6(4), 445–488. https://doi.org/10.1177/009539977500600404
Wang, Y. C., & Beise-Zee, R. (2013). Preencounter affective states of business travelers and service responses. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 22(6), 634–655. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2012.680243
Warman, W., Komariyah, L., & Khairunnisa, K. (2023). Konsep umum evaluasi kebijakan. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen dan Pendidikan, 3(SE), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.30872/jimpian.v3iSE.2912
Zulkifli, I., & Ahmad, N. (2019). Policy evaluation framework for government expenditure: Focusing on relevance, efficiency, and effectiveness in Malaysian agencies. Journal of Government Auditing and Accountability.
Peraturan Perundang-undangan
Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2004 tentang Perbendaharaan Negara.
Peraturan Presiden Nomor 77 Tahun 2015 tentang Tata Cara Perjalanan Dinas Luar Negeri
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan RI. (2021). Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Nomor 48/PERMEN-KP/2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Perjalanan Dinas Luar Negeri di Lingkungan KKP. Jakarta: KKP.
Kementerian Keuangan RI. (2015). Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 164/PMK.05/2015 Tahun 2015 tentang Tata Cara Pelaksanaan Perjalanan Dinas Luar Negeri. Jakarta: Kementerian Keuangan.
Kementerian Keuangan RI. (2016). Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 227/PMK.05/2016 tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 164/PMK.05/2015 Tahun 2015 tentang Tata Cara Pelaksanaan Perjalanan Dinas Luar Negeri. Jakarta: Kementerian Keuangan.
Kementerian Keuangan RI. (2019). Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 181/PMK.05/2019 tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 164/PMK.05/2015 Tahun 2015 tentang Tata Cara Pelaksanaan Perjalanan Dinas Luar Negeri. Jakarta: Kementerian Keuangan.
Keputusan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia Nomor 23/SJ Tahun 2025 tentang Tim Narahubung Penyelenggaraan Perjalanan Dinas Luar Negeri di Lingkungan Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan.
Peraturan Menteri Sekretaris Negara Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Petunjuk Pelaksanaan Penanganan Administrasi Perjalanan Dinas Luar Negeri.
Surat Edaran Menteri Sekretaris Negara Nomor B-32/M/S/LN.00/12/2024 tentang Kebijakan Izin Perjalanan Dinas Luar Negeri.
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Yusuf Qohary, Edy Sutrisno
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Downloads
How to Cite
