THE EFFECT OF EVENT ACTIVATION ON BRAND AWARENESS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON PURCHASE INTENTION OF PROMAG HERBAL PRODUCTS IN BANDUNG

Authors

Gia Ginanjar , Nur Hayati

Published:

2026-05-30

Downloads

Abstract

Indonesia's herbal pharmaceutical industry faces challenges in increasing brand awareness and purchase intention through effective event activation strategies. This study analyzes the effect of event activation on brand awareness and its implications for purchase intention of Promag Herbal products at PT. Kalbe Farma Bandung Branch, with brand awareness as a mediating variable. Internal data paradox shows event activation intensity reaches 126.88% of target, yet event sales only achieve 71.32% of event sales target. The study uses quantitative descriptive-verification approach with 110 respondents and SEM-PLS analysis. Test results show: (1) event activation has positive significant effect on brand awareness (β = 0.694; T = 11.016; p < 0.001); (2) brand awareness has a positive significant effect on purchase intention (β = 0.648; T = 8.202; p < 0.001); and (3) brand awareness partially mediates the effect of event activation on purchase intention (VAF = 68.9%). These findings confirm that the quality of event activation is more important than quantity in forming strong brand awareness as transmission mechanism toward consumer purchase intention.

Keywords:

event activation brand awareness purchase intention experiential marketing SEM-PLS herbal pharmaceutical

References

Azzari, V., & Pelissari, A. (2020). Does brand awareness influences purchase intention? The mediation role of brand equity dimensions. BBR. Brazilian Business Review, 17(6), 669–685. https://doi.org/10.15728/bbr.2020.17.6.4

Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan. (2022). Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Nomor 34 Tahun 2022 tentang Pengawasan Periklanan Obat Tradisional, Obat Kuasi, dan Suplemen Kesehatan. BPOM RI.

Balakrishnan, M. S., Nekhili, R., & Dinnie, K. (2021). Event attributes, attendee psychological needs satisfaction, and sense of community: The case of a destination festival. Tourism Management Perspectives, 40, 100871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2021.100871

Ballantyne, R., Packer, J., & Sutherland, L. A. (2011). Visitors' memories of wildlife tourism experiences and their connections to conservation outcomes. Journal of Travel Research, 50(1), 53–63. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287509355327

Belch, G. E., & Belch, M. A. (2021). Advertising and promotion: An integrated marketing communications perspective (12th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.

BPS Kota Bandung. (2023). Kota Bandung dalam angka 2023. Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Bandung.

Buhalis, D., Sinarta, Y., & Wuest, B. (2020). Experiencing traditional crafts making through virtual reality. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 15(5), 556–571. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2019.1695213

Chen, Y. C., Shang, R. A., & Li, M. J. (2014). The effects of perceived relevance of travel blogs' content on the behavioral intention to visit a tourist destination. Computers in Human Behavior, 30, 787–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.07.019

Choi, S., Lehto, X. Y., & Morrison, A. M. (2007). Destination image representation on the web: Content analysis of Jeju Island, Korea. Tourism Management, 28(1), 118–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.03.002

Close, A. G., Finney, R. Z., Lacey, R. Z., & Sneath, J. Z. (2006). Engaging the consumer through event marketing: Linking attendees with the sponsor, community, and brand. Journal of Advertising Research, 46(4), 420–433. https://doi.org/10.2501/S0021849906060540

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Crompton, J. L., & Love, L. L. (2008). The predictive validity of alternative approaches to evaluating quality of a festival. Journal of Travel Research, 47(1), 6–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507304050

Dash, S., Bruning, E., & Guin, K. (2014). A theoretical framework for understanding cause-related marketing (CRM) in retail settings. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 21(3), 432–441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2014.03.005

De Vries, L., Gensler, S., & Leeflang, P. S. H. (2012). Popularity of brand posts on brand fan pages: An investigation of the effects of social media marketing. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 26(2), 83–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2012.01.003

Dodds, W. B., Monroe, K. B., & Grewal, D. (1991). Effects of price, brand, and store information on buyers' product evaluations. Journal of Marketing Research, 28(3), 307–319. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmr.28.3.307

Drengner, J., Gremler, D. D., & Hennig-Thurau, T. (2012). Event-induced negative word-of-mouth. Journal of Service Research, 15(3), 360–376. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670512451456

Dwyer, L., Gössling, S., & Lück, M. (2022). Advancing geographies of tourism: Perspectives from scholars in the Global South. Annals of Tourism Research, 94, 103380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2022.103380

Eckert, A., Chadha, S., & Freires, F. (2020). Understanding the role of brand experience in brand equity development. Journal of Brand Management, 27(6), 687–699. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-020-00195-6

Fatanti, M. N., & Suyadnya, I. W. (2015). Beyond user-generated content: A study of how an online Balinese tourism community create tourism values. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 25, 55–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2015.09.001

Gössling, S., & Hall, C. M. (2019). Sharing versus collaborative economy: how to align terminology of collaborative consumption with sustainable consumption. Journal of Cleaner Production, 221, 517–523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.02.039

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.

Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Gudergan, S. P. (2024). Advanced issues in partial least squares structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.

Hakim, L. L., & Keni, K. (2020). Pengaruh brand awareness, brand image dan customer perceived value terhadap purchase intention. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan, 4(3), 81–86. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmbk.v4i3.7921

He, M., Luo, J., Meng, F., & Wu, S. (2021). The impact of experiential marketing on customer satisfaction: The mediating role of brand experience. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 46, 179–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.12.007

Hensel-UnVisible, P., & Terlutter, R. (2015). Consumer perceived value of different mobile commerce interfaces with augmented reality and virtual try-on features: Why situational aspect matters. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 27, 118–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2015.07.013

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8

Hultén, B. (2011). The impact of design and the physical environment on branded service experiences. Journal of Service Management, 22(1), 101–121. https://doi.org/10.1108/09564231111106978

Iglesias, O., Singh, J. J., & Batista-Foguet, J. M. (2011). The authenticity of brand purposes, behaviour and culture: Building authenticity in family businesses. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 2(1), 3–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2011.01.001

Kapferer, J. N. (2020). The new strategic brand management: Advanced insights and strategic thinking (6th ed.). Kogan Page.

Keller, K. L., & Swaminathan, V. (2020). Strategic brand management: Building, measuring, and managing brand equity (5th ed.). Pearson.

Kotler, P., Keller, K. L., & Chernev, A. (2022). Marketing management (16th ed.). Pearson.

Kumar, V., & Reinartz, W. (2016). Creating enduring customer value. Journal of Marketing, 80(6), 36–68. https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.15.0414

Kusumawati, A., & Rahayu, K. S. (2020). The effect of experience quality on customer perceived value and customer satisfaction and its impact on customer loyalty. The TQM Journal, 32(6), 1525–1540. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-08-2019-0203

Lavidge, R. J., & Steiner, G. A. (1961). A model for predictive measurements of advertising effectiveness. Journal of Marketing, 25(6), 59–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224296102500605

Lee, J. S., & Behnke, C. (2011). The state of the art of tourism experience industry research: Achievements, limitations and implications. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 28(8), 797–811. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2011.619403

Lin, Y. C., & Liang, H. Y. (2011). The influence of service quality and brand image on purchase intention: Evidence from experience and credence services. The Service Industries Journal, 31(12), 2043–2062. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2011.553267

Liu, C. H., & Lee, T. (2016). Service quality, customer satisfaction, customer trust, and loyalty in an e-banking context. The Service Industries Journal, 36(11–12), 553–574. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2016.1195499

Liu, M. T., Brock, J. L., Shi, G. C., Chu, R., & Tseng, T. H. (2013). Perceived brand globalness and consumer ethnocentrism as drivers of consumer preferences and purchase intention toward global and local brands. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 25(2), 89–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/08961530.2013.759055

Manthiou, A., Chathoth, P., & Ungap, J. (2016). The co-creation of hotel restaurant experiences and its effects on guest satisfaction: The role of active participation. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 17(4), 327–343. https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480.2016.1183666

Martensen, A., Grønholdt, L., Bendtsen, L., & Jensen, M. J. (2007). Application of a model for the effectiveness of event marketing. Journal of Advertising Research, 47(3), 283–301. https://doi.org/10.2501/S0021849907070341

Mollen, A., & Wilson, H. (2010). Engagement, telepresence and interactivity in online consumer experience: Reconciling scholastic and managerial perspectives. Journal of Business Research, 63(9–10), 919–925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.05.014

Moore, S. G. (2015). Attitude predictability and helpfulness in online reviews. Journal of Consumer Research, 42(1), 30–44. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucv003

Mullin, B., & Cummins, S. (2020). Sport marketing (5th ed.). Routledge.

Nguyen, B., Yu, X., Melewar, T. C., & Chen, J. (2015). Brand experience as a driver of brand loyalty revisited. Journal of Brand Management, 22(7), 565–583. https://doi.org/10.1057/bm.2015.37

Nicolau, J. L., & Mas, F. J. (2006). The influence of distance and prices on the choice of tourist destinations: The moderating role of novelty. Tourism Management, 27(5), 877–885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.05.011

Paivio, A. (1986). Mental representations: A dual coding approach. Oxford University Press.

Palmatier, R. W., Jarvis, C. B., Bechkoff, J. R., & Kardes, F. R. (2009). The role of customer gratitude in relationship maintenance. Journal of Marketing, 73(5), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.73.5.1

Pappas, N. (2016). Marketing strategies, perceived risks, and consumer trust in online buying behaviour. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 29, 92–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2015.11.007

Parboteeah, D. V., Valacich, J. S., & Wells, J. D. (2009). The influence of website characteristics on a consumer's urge to buy impulsively. Information Systems Research, 20(1), 60–86. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.1070.0157

Patwardhan, H., & Balasubramanian, S. K. (2011). Brand experience and brand attitude as drivers of loyalty intentions: A study in the experiential consumptionscape of a thematic restaurant chain. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 28(3), 216–223. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363761111127227

Petkus Jr, E. (2004). Enhancing the application of experiential marketing in the arts. International Journal of Nonprofit and Public Sector Marketing, 12(2), 49–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1465-4725(04)00017-2

Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1986). The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 19, 123–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60214-2

Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879

Putra, I. D. P. G. W., & Aristana, M. D. W. (2020). Pengaruh social media marketing terhadap brand awareness dan purchase intention. E-Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Udayana, 9(11), 1035–1044. https://doi.org/10.24843/EEB.2020.v09.i11.p01

Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J.-M(2024). SmartPLS 4 [Computer software]. SmartPLS GmbH. https://www.smartpls.com

Saarijärvi, H., Kannan, P. K., & Kuusela, H. (2013). Value co-creation: Theoretical approaches and practical implications. European Business Review, 25(1), 6–19. https://doi.org/10.1108/09555341311287718

Sánchez-Fernández, R., & Iniesta-Bonillo, M. Á. (2007). The concept of perceived value: A systematic review of the research. Marketing Theory, 7(4), 427–451. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470593107083165

Sari, R. K., & Nayanthara, N. (2015). The effect of brand awareness, perceived quality, and brand image towards purchase intention. Journal of Business and Management, 4(7), 18–27.

Schmitt, B. H. (2011). Experiential marketing: How to get customers to sense, feel, think, act and relate to your company and brand (2nd ed.). Free Press.

Schmitt, B. H. (2012). The consumer psychology of brands. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 22(1), 7–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2011.09.009

Sharpley, R., & Ali, R. (2023). The role of social media influencers in destination marketing. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 27, 100776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2023.100776

Sharpley, R., & Jepson, D. (2011). Rural tourism: A spiritual experience? Annals of Tourism Research, 38(1), 52–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2010.07.010

Sharpley, R., & Stone, I. (2012). Socio-cultural impacts of tourism and host communities: A review of existing tourism research. In Handbook of tourism (pp. 245–269). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203147269

Sheth, J. N., Newman, B. I., & Gross, B. L. (1991). Why we buy what we buy: A theory of consumption values. Journal of Business Research, 22(2), 159–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-2963(91)90005-8

Sneath, J. Z., Finney, R. Z., & Close, A. G. (2005). An IMC approach to event marketing: The effects of sponsorship and experience on customer attitudes. Journal of Advertising Research, 45(4), 373–381. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021849905050324

Song, H., & Cheung, C. (2010). Walking in others' shoes: Tourist perspective taking. Annals of Tourism Research, 37(2), 457–475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2009.10.010

Spry, A., Pappu, R., & Cornwell, T. B. (2011). Celebrity endorsement, brand credibility and brand equity. European Journal of Marketing, 45(6), 882–909. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090561111119958

Sugiyono. (2024). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D (7th ed.). Alfabeta.

Swanson, S. R., Gwinner, K., Larson, B. V., & Janda, S. (2008). A grassroots soccer event: Fan motives and emotional responses. Journal of Sport Management, 22(5), 511–535. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.22.5.511

Tafesse, W. (2016). Conceptualization of brand experience in an event marketing context. Journal of Promotion Management, 22(1), 34–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/10496491.2015.1107007

Tafesse, W., & Wien, A. H. (2018). Using structural equation modeling to test the effectiveness of event marketing. Journal of Marketing Research, 55(4), 498–510. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmr.15.0354

Teixeira, R., Patrício, L., Nunes, N. J., Nóbrega, L., Fisk, R. P., & Constantine, L. (2012). Customer experience modeling: From customer journey to touchpoint blueprint. Journal of Service Management, 23(3), 354–374. https://doi.org/10.1108/09564231211248453

Tojib, D., & Sugiarto, S. (2015). Brand experience, brand image, and brand satisfaction: A structural image analysis. Journal of Database Marketing & Customer Strategy Management, 22(3–4), 179–194. https://doi.org/10.1057/dbm.2015.39

Torres, E. N., & Kline, S. (2013). Walk in my shoes: Customer emotional management and the servicescape. Journal of Services Marketing, 27(6), 480–493. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-02-2012-0027

Tsai, S. P. (2005). Impact of personal orientation on luxury-brand purchase value: The moderating role of consumers' attitude toward conspicuous consumption. International Journal of Market Research, 47(4), 429–454. https://doi.org/10.1177/147078530504700404

Vargo, S. L., & Lusch, R. F. (2016). Institutions and axioms: An extension and update of service-dominant logic. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 44(1), 5–23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-015-0456-3

Wohlfeil, M., & Whelan, S. (2006). Consumer motivations to participate in event-marketing strategies. Journal of Marketing Management, 22(5–6), 643–669. https://doi.org/10.1362/026725706776022278

Wood, E. H. (2009). Evaluating event marketing: Experience or outcome? Journal of Promotion Management, 15(1–2), 247–268. https://doi.org/10.1080/10496491.2009.9687941

Yamamoto, M., & Lambert, D. R. (1994). The measurement of museum attendance motivation. Journal of Travel Research, 33(1), 44–49. https://doi.org/10.1177/004881669403300108

Zarantonello, L., & Schmitt, B. H. (2010). Using the brand experience scale to profile consumers and predict consumer decision making. Journal of Brand Management, 17(7), 532–540. https://doi.org/10.1057/bm.2010.4

Author Biographies

Gia Ginanjar, STIE STAN-IM

Author Origin : Indonesia

Nur Hayati, STIE STAN-IM

Author Origin : Indonesia

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

How to Cite

Gia Ginanjar, & Nur Hayati. (2026). THE EFFECT OF EVENT ACTIVATION ON BRAND AWARENESS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON PURCHASE INTENTION OF PROMAG HERBAL PRODUCTS IN BANDUNG. Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI), 6(4), 5623–5639. Retrieved from https://radjapublika.com/index.php/MORFAI/article/view/5762

Similar Articles

<< < 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.