ANALYSIS OF WALKABILITY INDEX AND THERMAL COMFORT AND THEIR EFFECT ON WALKING INTENTION THROUGH PEDESTRIAN SATISFACTION ON JENDERAL SUDIRMAN STREET, JAKARTA
Published:
2026-06-16Downloads
Abstract
This study examines the influence of the walkability index and thermal comfort on pedestrians’ interest in walking, with satisfaction serving as an intervening variable, along Jalan Jenderal Sudirman in Jakarta. A combined approach was used, including an assessment of the walkability index based on Bina Marga Guideline No. 05/P/BM/2023, measurement of thermal comfort using the Temperature Humidity Index (THI), and SEM-PLS with 100 respondents. The walkability index reached 86.10 (Very Good). The THI indicated that shaded areas were comfortable (28.59–28.86), while unshaded areas were uncomfortable (29.28). Six out of seven SEM-PLS hypotheses were significant. Walkability significantly influences satisfaction (β = 0.663, p = 0.000) and interest in walking (β = 0.401, p = 0.000). Thermal comfort significantly influences satisfaction (β = 0.198, p = 0.026), but does not directly influence interest in walking. Thermal comfort significantly influences walking interest through satisfaction (β=0.088, p=0.050), indicating that satisfaction fully mediates this hypothesis. Satisfaction significantly influences walking interest (β=0.445, p=0.000). The model explains 58.7% of the variance in satisfaction and 73.1% of the variance in interest in walking.
Keywords: SEM-PLS; temperature humidity index; thermal comfort; walkability index; walking interest; pedestrian satisfaction
Keywords:
SEM-PLS temperature humidity index thermal comfort walkability index walking interest pedestrian satisfactionReferences
Achmad Zaky, F., Candra Fajar Herbowo, A., Haqqin Abrari, F., Ally, H., Adib Al-Dzahabi, M., Hanif Ahsani Taqwim, M., … Pradipa Daniswara, A. (2023). Kajian Kualitas Udara Analisis Temperature Humidity Index (THI) secara Time-Series Menggunakan Sistem Monitoring berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) di Kelurahan Sumber, Banjarsari, Surakarta. Retrieved from www.sumber.eennos.online.
Arinta, R. T., & Hapsari, R. N. (2022). KONDISI KENYAMANAN THERMAL PADA DESAIN. 271–275.
Carolin, V., & Kurniati, E. (2025). TANTANGAN PEMBANGUNAN PERKOTAAN TERHADAP URBANISASI, KEMACETAN DI JAKARTA: ANALIS PERMASALAHAN DAN SOLUSI. Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 4(1), 252–273. https://doi.org/10.59827/jie.v4i1.222
Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2025). THE 17 GOALS | Sustainable Development. Retrieved from United Nations website: https://sdgs.un.org/goals
F. Hair, J., M. Hult, G. T., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A PRIMER ON PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING (PLS-SEM) Third Edition.
Ganesha, E., & Husein, S. (2024). Analisis driven factor pertambahan penduduk dari persepsi lingkungan masyarakat (studi kasus Jakarta Pusat). Indoor Environmental Quality and Green Building, 1(1), 16–27. https://doi.org/10.61511/ineq.v1i1.2024.457
Gorrini, A., Presicce, D., Messa, F., & Choubassi, R. (2023). Walkability for children in Bologna: Beyond the 15-minute city framework. Journal of Urban Mobility, 3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urbmob.2023.100052
Helmy Nadhifa, D., Budiarti, T., & Damayanti Twinsari Manningtyas, R. (2023). Evaluation of Thermal Comfort, Aesthetic and User’s Perception of Urban Parks in Depok. https://doi.org/10.29244/jli.v161i1.42735
Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP). (2023). Peta Jalan Pengembangan Infrastruktur Pejalan Kaki dan Pesepeda DKI Jakarta 2023-2027 (F. Rachmita & D. Poetriayu Siregar, Eds.). Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP).
Jia, S., Wang, Y., Wong, N. H., Chen, W., & Ding, X. (2022). Influences of the thermal environment on pedestrians’ thermal perception and travel behavior in hot weather. Building and Environment, 226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109687
Mat Alias, N., & Kassim, U. (2023). A Prospective Study of Thermal Comfort in Users in Technical Institution TVET : Workshop Facilities Space. 26(1), 41–49.
Mengiste, B. M., Alemayehu, Y. A., Mersha, G. T., Ali, A. S., Tadesse, Y. F., Dirar, T. M., & Bimir, M. N. (2025, April 1). Exploring the drivers of Walkability: Implications for enhancing perception and policy to livable cities. City and Environment Interactions, Vol. 26. Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100197
Milantara, N., Asriani, N., & Haria Aditia Putra, T. (2023). KENYAMANAN TERMAL DAN PERSEPSI PENGGUNA TAMAN IMAM BONJOL DAN TAMAN MELATI, KOTA PADANG.
Muhson, A. (2022). Analisis Statistik dengan SmartPLS: Path Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, & Structural Equation Modeling.
Nasrollahi, N., Ghosouri, A., Khodakarami, J., & Taleghani, M. (2020, December 1). Heat-mitigation strategies to improve pedestrian thermal comfort in urban environments: A review. Sustainability (Switzerland), Vol. 12, pp. 1–23. MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/su122310000
Natabara, A. H., Pamurti, A. A., & Pamurti, A. (2023). KAJIAN KENYAMANAN THERMAL PADA JALUR PEJALAN KAKI DI KORIDOR JALAN MADUKORO RAYA-JALAN PURI ANJASMORO SEMARANG. JUKIM, 2(5). https://doi.org/10.56127/jukim.v
Rahmatiani, V., & Kameswara, B. (2021). Tingkat Walkability dan Kepuasan Pejalan Kaki di Kawasan Pendidikan Jatinangor dan Kawasan Perdagangan Sudirman. TATALOKA, 23(3), 438–451. https://doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.23.3.438-451
Savitri, C., Faddila, S. P., Iswari, R., Anam, C., Syah, S., Mulyani, R., … Tirtana, S. (2021). STATISTIK MULTIVARIAT DALAM RISET. Retrieved from www.penerbitwidina.com
Sofwan, M., & Tanjung, M. H. (2020). Evaluation Study Of Walkability Index In Central Business District (CBD) Area, Pekanbaru City. Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology, 5(3), 175–185. https://doi.org/10.25299/jgeet.2020.5.3.4181
van der Vlugt, A. L., Lättman, K., Welsch, J., Prichard, E., Otsuka, N., & De Vos, J. (2025). Analysing the determinants of perceived walkability, and its effects on walking. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2025.104498
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhamad Abid Faris, Ainun Rahmawati, Edi Purwanto, Riza Phahlevi Marwanto, Setia Hadi Pramudi, Rizal Aprianto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
