QUANTUM MYSTICISM AND SUFI CONSCIOUSNESS: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY PHILOSOPHICAL INQUIRY INTO HAQIQAH AND MA’RIFAH
DOI:
10.5281/zenodo.21404809Published:
2026-07-17Downloads
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the philosophical relationship between the concepts of haqiqah and gnosis in Sufism with the basic principles of Quantum theory through an interdisciplinary approach. This study is motivated by the growing discussion on the relationship between spirituality and modern science, particularly Quantum theory, which offers a new view of reality, consciousness, and the interconnectedness of the universe. The study uses a qualitative method with a library research approach, analyzing relevant literature sources, such as books, scientific journals, and works on Sufism and Quantum theory. Data are analyzed using content analysis techniques and a comparative approach to find conceptual relationships between the two disciplines. The results show that haqiqah in Sufism can be understood as a potential dimension of spiritual awareness, whereas gnosis is the actualization of spiritual experience as direct, intuitive, and transformative. This concept has philosophical resonance with several Quantum principles, such as superposition, uncertainty, entanglement, the observer effect, and the collapse of the wavefunction. The principle of superposition describes various possible states before actualization, which is analogous to the human inner state before achieving gnosis. The principle of uncertainty demonstrates the dynamics and unpredictability of reality, as does the personal and evolving spiritual journey. Meanwhile, the concept of entanglement demonstrates a universal connectedness that shares conceptual similarities with the principle of monotheism in Sufism. This study concludes that the relationship between Sufism and Quantum Theory is heuristic and philosophical, not an empirical one that demonstrates direct ontological equivalence. Therefore, the analogy between the two should be understood as a conceptual bridge to establish a dialogue between spirituality and modern science without reducing either domain. This research contributes to the development of interdisciplinary studies on consciousness, metatheory, philosophy of science, and Islamic spirituality in the contemporary intellectual context.
Keywords:
Sufism Haqiqah Ma’rifah Quantum Theory Spirituality Consciousness.References
Ain, N., & Kholid, A. (2024). The convergence of quantum science and the Islamic concept of the soul: exploring metaphysical realities. Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database. Retrieved from http://publications.eng.cam.ac.uk/118546/
Abbas, F. M. (2024). Integritas Sufisme dan Psikologi Transpersonal. https://doi.org/10.47945/tasamuh.v17i1.1921
Adrian, D. (2024). Resiliensi Muslim dalam Perspektif Psikologi Tasawuf. https://doi.org/10.61132/jbpai.v2i5.569
Ahmad, M., & Khan, T. R. (2024). Integrating Cognitive Science with Islamic Philosophy. https://doi.org/10.20885/ijiis.vol7.iss2.art1
Al-Asyhar, T., & Gazali. (2024). Dimensi Holistik Psikologi Sufi: Studi Perbandingan Psikologi Mainstream. https://doi.org/10.37302/jbi.v17i2.1386
Alfiah, N., Noor, A. M., Farhan, A., & Furqon, A. (2024). Tasawuf dan Pengembangan Diri. JOUSIP: Journal of Sufism and Psychotherapy, 4(2), 165–182. https://doi.org/10.28918/jousip.v4i2.9252
Bassi, A., Lochan, K., Satin, S., Singh, T. P., & Ulbricht, H. (2013). Models of wave-function collapse, underlying theories, and experimental tests. Reviews of Modern Physics, 85(2), 471–527. https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.85.471
Brassard, G., & Méthot, A. (2010). Can Quantum-Mechanical Description of Physical Reality Be Considered Correct? Foundations of Physics, 40(4), 463-468. doi:10.1007/s10701-010-9411-9
Burhanuddin, N. (2017). the Relationship Between Ma’rifah and the Theory of Knowledge and Its Implication in Education. European Journal of Educational and Development Psychology, 5(28), 28-37.
Burhanuddin, N. (2020). Tasawuf Al-Ghazali: Konsep Ma’rifat sebagai Puncak Perjalanan Spiritual. Jurnal Studi Islam Al-Bidayah, 5(1), 1-12.
Busch, P., Heinonen, T., & Lahti, P. (2007). Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. Physics Reports, 452(6), 155-176. doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2007.05.006
Capra, F. (1976). Modern Physics and Eastern Mysticism. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 8(1), 20–40.
Creswell, J. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, And Mixed Methods Approaches 4 edition. Retrieved from https://library.umw.ac.id/index.php?p=show_detail&id=1755&keywords=
Dahlan, A. Z., Soeratno, S. C., Sangidu, S., & Mursyidi, A. (2013). Konsep Ma’rifah Menurut Al-Ghazali Dan Ibnu ‘Arabi: Solusi Antisipatif Radikalisme Keagamaan Berbasis Epistemologi. Jurnal Kawistara, 3(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.22146/kawistara.3962
de Ronde, C. (2018). Quantum Superpositions and the Representation of Physical Reality Beyond Measurement Outcomes and Mathematical Structures. Foundations of Science, 23(4), 621–648. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10699-017-9541-z
Firdaus, M. A., Natsir, N. F., & Haryanti, E. (2021). Tinjauan kritis terhadap ontologi sains modern (Haqiqah realitas, tafsir metateori, dan asumsi dasar ilmu). Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 7(1), 168–175. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5806796
Firmansyah, M. (2025). The Nature of Human Beings in Al Ghazali ’ s Thought and Its Implications on Character Education. Journal of Philosophy and Social Sciences, 1, 1-12.
Gassab, L., Pusuluk, O., Cattaneo, M., & Müstecaplıoğlu, Ö. (2025). Quantum Models of Consciousness from a Quantum Information Science Perspective. Entropy, 27(3), 1-24. doi:10.3390/e27030243
Ghaffar, L. A. G., & Ahadi, M. B. (2025). Konsep Maqamat Dan Aḥwal Dalam Tasawuf: Tahapan Spiritual Menuju Ma ‘Rifatullah. El Muntashir: Journal of Quranic Studies, 1(1).
Ghozi, G. (2016). Landasan Ontologis dan Kualifikasi Ma’rifah Ibn ‘Atâ’ Allâh al-Sakandarî. Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf Dan Pemikiran Islam, 6(1), 57–91. https://doi.org/10.15642/teosofi.2016.6.1.57-91
Happid, Apdilla, R., & Ajmain, M. (2025). Maqam Dan Ahwal Dalam Tasawuf: Dinamika Perjalanan Spiritual Menuju Kedudukan Tinggi Di Hadapan Tuhan. Pandawa, 7(Mei), 1–9.
Hastjarjo, D. (2020). Sekilas Tentang Kesadaran (Consciousness). Jurnal Buletin Psikologi, 13(2), 79–90. https://journal.ugm.ac.id/buletinpsikologi/article/view/7478/5814
Hasyim, J. (2025). Kajian Kritis Tentang Asal Mula Penciptaan Alam Semesta ( Pemikiran Emansi Al-Farabi Dan Nur Muhammad Serta Relevansinya Dengan Sains Modern ) Email : Junaedihasyimlaw@gmail.com. 3(1), 437–445.
Hidayatullah, S. (2019). Agama dan Sains: Sebuah Kajian Tentang Relasi dan Metodologi. Jurnal Filsafat, 29(1), 102–133. https://doi.org/10.22146/jf.30246
IIrfan, N., Supriadi, B., & Nuraini, L. (2023). Pendekatan Ketidakpastian Heisenberg dalam Menentukan Momentum dan Spektrum Energi Atom Deutrium pada Bilangan Quantum Utama n=4. Jurnal Pembelajaran Teori, 12(3), 89. https://doi.org/10.19184/jpf.v12i3.37093
Kholid, A. R. I. (2018). Firasat, Ma’rifah Dan Mukasyafat Dalam Prespektif Tasawuf. JURNAL YAQZHAN: Analisis Filsafat, Agama Dan Kemanusiaan, 4(2), 267–292. https://doi.org/10.24235/jy.v4i2.3548
Koprinkov, I. (2024). Spatial, Temporal and Coherent Superposition of Quantum States, a Reinterpretation of the Quantum Superposition Principle. Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics, 12(11), 4010-4019. doi:10.4236/jamp.2024.1211244
Krippendorff, K. (2013). Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology. SAGE Publications.
Letras, S. R. De. (2005). Author ( s ): Massimo Cacciari. 45(1), 13–22.
Mahyuddin, M. (2013). The Relationship Between the Shariah , Tariqah , Haqiqah and Marifah by Wan Sulaiman b Wan Siddik , a 19 th Malay Sufi Scholar in the Malay world. Journal of Islamic Studies and Culture, 1, 1-11.
Mahyuddin, M. K. (2022). The Critical Analysis of Risalah Mizan Al-Uqala’ Wa al- Udaba’ on the Meaning of Sharia, Tariqat, Haqiqat, Marifat by Shaykh al-Islām of Kedah Wan Sulaiman Wan Sidek (1872 M-1935 M). Journal of Ifta and Islamic Heritage, 1(1), 218–245.
Malyuna, S. I. (2024). EXPLORING AL-FĀRĀBĪ ’ S SECRETS IN HARMONIZING. Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism, 10(2), 313–334.
Medico, B. Del. (2024). Elemen Filsafat Quantum.
Miswar. (2017). Maqamat (Tahapan Yang Harus Ditempuh Dalam Proses Bertasawuf). Jurnal ANSIRU PAI, 1(2), 8–19.
Mulyono, A. (2008). Kahan Cahaya Perspektif Teori Dan Tasawuf. Ulul Albab, 9(1).
Mu'minin, A., & Affady, M. (2021). Konsep Ma’rifah Dalam Perspektif Tasawuf Al-Ghazali. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Islam, 7(1), 45-56.
Muzairi. (2014). Dimensi Pengalaman Mistik dalam Tasawuf. https://doi.org/10.14421/rejusta.2014.1001-04
Nasution, M. Y. (2012). Telaah Signifikansi Konsep Manusia Menurut Al-Ghazâlî. MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 35(2), 227–241. https://doi.org/10.30821/miqot.v35i2.141
Noer, K. A. (2017). Tasawuf dalam Peradaban Islam: Apresiasi dan Kritik. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v10i2.482
Norman, N. A., & Al Walid, K. (2025). The Convergence of Quantum Science and the Islamic Concept of the Soul: Exploring Metaphysical Realities. Journal of Contemporary Studies on Religion and Science (JCSRS), 0(1), 78–106. https://jcsrs.risse.ac.ir/article_212873.html
Pipit Muliyah, Dyah Aminatun, Sukma Septian Nasution, Tommy Hastomo, Setiana Sri Wahyuni Sitepu, T. (2020). Filsafat Ilmu Dan Agama. In Journal GEEJ (Vol. 7, Issue 2).
Radikal, K., Moderat, D. A. N., & Belakang, A. L. (n.d.). Pantheisme dan Ma’rifah: Jurnal Jumantara, 1(2), 97–129.
Rahman, Y. (1998). Spiritual Hermeneutics (Ta’wil): A Study of Henry Corbin’s Phenomenological Approach. Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, 12(62), 1–13.
Ronde, C. (2018). Quantum superpositions and the representation of physical reality beyond measurement outcomes and mathematical structures. VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel). doi:10.1007/s10699-017-9541-z
Sabri, M. (2012). Mistisisme dan Hal-hal Tak Tercakapkan : Menimbang Epistemologi Hudhūrī. Kanz Philosophia : A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism, 2(1), 71. https://doi.org/10.20871/kpjipm.v2i1.25
Saefulloh, M. (2008). Tasawuf sebagai Solusi Alternatif Modernitas. https://doi.org/10.15642/islamica.2008.2.2.207-216
Schlosshauer, M. (2004). Decoherence, the measurement problem, and interpretations of quantum mechanics. Reviews of Modern Physics, 76(4), 1267–1305. https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.76.1267
Simmons, E. L. (2023). THE ENTANGLED TRINITY, QUANTUM BIOLOGY, AND DEEP INCARNATION: with Mark Harris, “Quantum Theology beyond Copenhagen: Taking Fundamentalism Literally”; Shaun C. Henson, “What Makes a Quantum Physics Belief Believable? Many-Worlds among Six Impossible Things before Breakfast”; Emily Qureshi-Hurst, “The Many Worries of Many Worlds”; Elise Crull, “Interpretation Neutrality for Quantum Theology”; Wilson C. K. Poon and Tom C. B. McLeish, “Is There a Distinctive Quantum Theology?”; and Ernest L. Simmons, “The Entangled Trinity, Quantum Biology, and Deep Incarnation.” Zygon, 58(1), 285–304. https://doi.org/10.1111/zygo.12870
Smarandache, F. (2025). Neutrosophic Quantum Theory: Partial Entanglement, Partial Effect of the Observer, and Teleportation. Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, 86(I), 1–13.
State, K. (2023). QUANTUM-PHYSICS SPIRITUALITY AND. Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT), 11(11), 174–177.
Syarif, E. (2004). Sains dan Agama dalam Epistemologi Islam dan Barat. https://doi.org/10.15408/ref.v8i1.37659
Tasyakuranti, A. N., Sumarti, H., Kusuma, H. H., Istikomah, I., & Prastyo, I. S. (2022). Analysis of the Effect of Istighfar Dhikr To Adolescent Anxiety At Beta Wave Activity Using Electroencephalogram (Eeg) Examination. Jurnal Neutrino:Jurnal Teori Dan Aplikasinya, 15(1), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.18860/neu.v15i1.17270
Tegmark, M. (n.d.). Importance of quantum decoherence in brain processes. Physical Review E - Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics, 61(4), 4194–4206. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.61.4194
Tomaz, A., Mattos, R., & Barbatti, M. (2024). Gravitationally-induced wave function collapse time for molecules. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 26(31), 20785-20798. doi:10.1039/d4cp02364a
Walton, J. (2017). The significance of consciousness studies and quantum physics for researching spirituality. Journal for the Study of Spirituality, 7(1), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/20440243.2017.1290029
Yuhanida, Y., Amalia, Z. N., Kerwanto, K., Rahman, R., Muna, M. Y., & Sabour, R. (2024). Epistemology of Sufism in Sufi Interpretation (Analysis of the Patterns of Theoretical (Nazhari) and Practical ('Amali) Sufi Exegesis). QiST: Journal of Quran and Tafseer Studies, 3(2), 216–233. https://doi.org/10.23917/qist.v3i2.4199
Zuhri, A. (2016). Tasawuf Dalam Sorotan Epistemologi Dan Aksiologi. Religia, 1–34. https://doi.org/10.28918/religia.v19i1.658
Zuhri, M. K., & Mundhir. (2023). Transcending Paradigm: Bridging Spirituality and Modern Science. https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2023.34.2.18692
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Iin Inayatul Ummah, Suadi Sa’ad, Kheryadi, Ade Fakih Kurniawan, Jamadi

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.




