A Multi-Aspect Strategic Analysis of Electric Vehicle Transition in Indonesia Using SWOT Approach
Published:
2026-11-04Abstract
The global transportation sector remains heavily reliant on internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, which contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. In Indonesia, the rapid increase in the number of vehicles, particularly motorcycles, has exacerbated fossil fuel consumption and environmental degradation. Although electric vehicles (EVs) offer higher energy efficiency and lower emissions, their adoption rate remains limited. As of March 2026, the EV population in Indonesia reached approximately 103,000 units, which is still far below the national target of 2 million electric vehicles by 2030. This study addresses the question of what key internal and external factors influence EV adoption in Indonesia and how strategic priorities can be formulated to accelerate its implementation. A qualitative descriptive approach is employed using SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis, incorporating seven strategic aspects: human resources, environment, economy, technology, society, regulation, and market. The results identify critical strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats shaping EV adoption and highlight key structural, economic, and policy-related barriers. Based on these findings, strategic alternatives are formulated using a TOWS matrix to support more effective policy development. This study contributes by providing a comprehensive and integrated SWOT framework that captures multidimensional factors influencing EV adoption in Indonesia, offering practical insights for policymakers and stakeholders in accelerating the transition toward sustainable transportation.
Keywords:
Electric Vehicles Energy Transition SWOT Analysis Strategic Planning IndonesiaReferences
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