THE INFLUENCE OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS ON COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT PRE-SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN
Main Article Content
Dewi Pangestuti
Surya Akbar
Mayang Sari Ayu
Early childhood period is in dire need of good nutrition. Poor nutritional statuscan cause delays in children's cognitive development. Nutrition report global (2020), statedthe whole countryexperiencing nutritional problems. Globally, the most children with malnutrition problems are in Sub-Saharan Africa.Indonesia is experiencing a triple burden of disease, namely malnutrition, obesity and stunting. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of nutritional status on the cognitive development of pre-school aged children. This research approachis a retrospective cohort analytic study with a sampling technique using purposive sampling. This study was conducted using data from 79 children aged 5-6 years from early childhood education school students. Nutritional status is determined using anthropometry by measuring body weight and height based on the child's age. Assessing children's cognitive abilities using instruments from the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) questionnaire. The results showed that 72.2% of children's nutritional status was normal and 72.2% of children's cognitive development was normal. Data analysis was based on the chi-square test, p-value = 0.011 (p <0.05), with a relative risk value of 2.591. Shows that nutritional status has an effect of 2.591 times on the cognitive development of pre-school age children.
World Health Organization. WHA global nutrition targets 2025: stunting policy brief. Geneva: WHO; 2014. p.1-6.
Akombi, BJ, Agho, KE, Hall, JJ, Wali, N., Renzaho, A. and Merom, D., 2017. Stunting, wasting and underweight in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. International journal of environmental research and public health, 14(8), p.863.
WHO. (2020). Levels And Trends In Child Malnutrition. 1–16.
Nutrition Report. The Global Nutrition Report's Independent Expert Group. Action in equity to end malnutrition, 2020. Bristol : Developmental Initiatives, 2020.
Izah N, Zulfiana E, Rahmanindar N. Analysis of the distribution and determinants of stunting in toddlers based on parenting style (immunization status and exclusive breastfeeding). Journal of Nursing and Midwifery. 2020 Jan 3;11(1):27-32.
Indonesia, Health Research and Development Agency, Indonesian Ministry of Health. Report on the results of Indonesia's basic health research (Riskesdas) for 2018. Jakarta: Health Research and Development Agency, 2018.
Republic of Indonesia Ministry of Health. Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 25 of 2014. Implementation Science. 2014;39(1):1-24.
Harjatmo, TP, Par'i, HM, & Wiyono, S. (2017). Nutrition Teaching Materials: Assessment of Nutritional Status. Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269107473
Suhud, RF, Fadlyana, E., Setiawati, EP, Aminah, S., & Tarigan, R. (2021). The Relationship between Stunting and Cognitive Disorders in Early Adolescence in Jatinangor District. Sari Pediatrics, 23(2), 115.https://doi.org/10.14238/sp23.2.2021.115-20
Amirullah, A., Andreas Putra, AT, & Daud Al Kahar, AA (2020). Description of the Nutritional Status of Children Aged 3 to 5 Years During the Covid-19 Period. Murhum : Journal of Early Childhood Education, 1(1), 16–27.https://doi.org/10.37985/murhum.v1i1.3
Fadillah, IN (2019). The Influence of Nutritional Status on Early Childhood Cognitive Development in Kindergarten Diponegoro 06 Bantarsoka, Banyumas Regency. 1–89.http://repository.iainpurwokerto.ac.id/
Fitri Kartika, R., Fatimah, S., & Rahfiludin Zen, M. (2017). Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Nutritional Status of Toddlers of the Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) (Study in the Work Area of the Pematang Kabau Health Center, Air Hitam District, Sarolangun Regency, Jambi). Journal of Public Health (e-Journal), 5(4), 752–758.
Sholicha, I., & Rona. (2017). The Relationship between Nutritional Status and Cognitive Development in Toddlers in Down Syndrome Endemic Areas. Faculty of Health Sciences, Muhammadiyah University Ponorogo, 8.
Zhamaroh, LAN, Suhartono, S., & Nugraheni, SA (2018). Analysis of Factors Associated with Cognitive Development of Toddlers Aged 2-3 Years in the Leyangan Community Health Center, Semarang Regency. Indonesian Journal of Health Management, 6(3), 171–178.(Marinda, 2020; Pitriani, 2021).
Marina, L. (2020). Piaget and his problems. An-Nisa Journal :Journal of Women & Islamic Studies, 13(1), 116–152.
Saputra, HE, Handryastuti, S., Mangunatmadja, I., Widodo, DP, & Pardede, SO (2020). Ouvrier's Modified Mini Mental State Examination As A Screening Test For Cognitive Impairment In Pediatric Epilepsy. Paediatricia Indonesiana, 60(3), 137–141. et al., 2020).
El-sayeh, AEA, & El-, MMAE (2021). Diagnostic Value Of Modified Mini Mental State Examination For Detection Of Cognitive Impairment In Children With Epilepsy. Al-Azhar Journal Of Pedriatic, 24(2), 2145–2160.
Rahmasari, VA, & Muniroh, L. (2021). Relationship Between Nutritional Status TB/U and Cognitive, Physical and Socio-Emotional Abilities of Pre-School Age Children. 16(3), 306–312.
Ayu Ms. The Effectiveness of Utilizing Maternal and Child Health Books as a Media for Communication, Education and Information. Medical Journal of Ibn Nafis. 2019 Dec 23;8(2):9-1
Indonesian Nutritionist. (2016). Nutrition Science: Theory & Application (Hardinsyah & I. dewa N. Suprasia (eds.)). EGC.
Sastroasmoro, S., & Ismael, S. (2018). Fundamentals of Clinical Research Methodology (5th ed.). Sagung Seto.
Putri, PAKKDM, Lely, AAO, & Evayanti, LG (2021). Relationship between Nutritional Status and Cognitive Development in Children Aged 6 - 24 Months. Aesculapius Medical Journal, 1(1), 1–7.
Roberts, M., Tolar-Peterson, T., Reynolds, A., Wall, C., Reeder, N., & Rico Mendez, G. (2022). The Effects of Nutritional Interventions on the Cognitive Development of Preschool-Age Children: A Systematic Review. Nutrients, 14(3), 1–15.https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030532
Nasution, AN, Diba, F., Dania, IA, & Susanti, M. (2022). Nutritional Status on the Cognitive Development of Preschool Children in the Panyabungan Village III. Jik Journal of Health Sciences, 6(1), 154. https://doi.org/10.33757/jik.v6i1.509
Handryastuti, S., Pusponegoro, HD, Nurdadi, S., Chandra, A., Pramita, FA, Soebadi, A., Widjaja, IR, & Rafli, A. (2022). Comparison of Cognitive Function in Children with Stunting and Children with Undernutrition with Normal Stature. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9775727
