Politics of Environmental Policy, Co-Production, and Multi-Actor Governance in School-Based Systems
DOI:
10.5281/zenodo.20977977Published:
2026-03-31Downloads
Abstract
Environmental governance issues in West Sumatra have impacted hydrometeorological disasters. The implementation of environmental policies has not been successful in managing the environment. This study analyzes the role of co-production in building knowledge-based governance in educational units. The focus of the study is directed at how the Environmental Care and Culture Movement in Schools (GPBLHS) can encourage the involvement of multiple actors, including schools, local governments, communities, and civil society organizations, in creating sustainable environmental knowledge. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design, located in four schools that have received the National Adiwiyata award: SDN 03 Pakan Labuah Bukittinggi, MTsN 10 Tanah Datar, SMPN 1 Payakumbuh, and SMAN 7 Padang. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation studies, then analyzed using Grounded Theory techniques. The results show that the implementation of GPBLS in West Sumatra schools successfully integrates aspects of policy, curriculum, and school community participation. The co-production process takes place through active interactions between teachers, students, parents, local governments, and the community. The intensity of each actor's involvement varies. Schools act as both recipients of policies and producers of environmental knowledge, which is demonstrated through various innovations.
Keywords:
Co-production School-based environmental policies Multi-actor governanceReferences
Ain, K. Q., Nasri, M. A., Alamsyah, M. N., & ... (2021). Collaborative governance in managing plastic waste in Bali. … Series: Earth and …. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/905/1/012115
Alford, J. (2014). The Multiple Facets of Co-Production: Building on the work of Elinor Ostrom. Public Management Review, 16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2013.806578
Althaus, C., Ball, S., Bridgman, P., Davis, G., & Threlfall, D. (2023). The Australian Policy Handbook A Practical Guide to the Policymaking Process (7th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003351993
Armitage, D., Loë, R. de, & Plummer, R. (2012). Environmental governance and its implications for conservation practice. Conservation Letters, 5(4). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-263X.2012.00238.x
Assyakurrohim, D., Ikhram, D., Sirodj, R. A., & Afgani, M. W. (2023). Metode Studi Kasus dalam Penelitian Kualitatif. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Dan Komputer, 3(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47709/jpsk.v3i01.1951
Bandola-Gill, J., Arthur, M., & Leng, R. I. (2023). What is co-production? Conceptualising and understanding co-production of knowledge and policy across different theoretical perspectives. Evidence & Policy, 19(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1332/174426421X16420955772641
Bans-Akutey, A., & Tiimub, B. M. (2021). Triangulation in Research. ACADEMIA Letters. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20935/AL3392
Bennett, N. J., & Satterfield, T. (2018). Environmental governance: A practical framework to guide design, evaluation, and analysis. Conservation Letters, 11(6). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12600Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
BPBD, S. B. (2025). Laporan Perkembangan Penanganan Darurat Bencana Hidrometeorologi. https://biroumum.sumbarprov.go.id/home/read/432-update-dampak-bencana-hidrometeorologi-sumatera-barat
Bulkeley, H. (2005). Reconfiguring environmental governance: Towards a politics of scales and networks. Political Geography, 248. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2005.07.002
Bungin, B. (2020). Post-Qualitative : Social Research Methods (kuantitatif-kualitatif-Mixed Methods). Kencana.
Calliera, M., & Capri, E. (2022). Multi-actor approaches and engagement strategies to promote the adoption of best groundwater management practices. Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health, 27. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coesh.2022.100351
Carayannis, E. G., Barth, T. D., & Campbell, D. F. (2012). The Quintuple Helix innovation model: global warming as a challenge and driver for innovation. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 1(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-5372-1-2
Cashore, B., & Howlett, M. (2020). A Modern Guide to Public Policy. Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4337/9781789904987
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE Publications, Inc.
Daka, M., & Madimutsa, C. (2020). Collaborative governance and community participation in solid waste management in Lusaka. African Journal of Governance and …. https://doi.org/10.10520/ejc-ajgd-v9-n2-a6
Denzin, N. K. (2017). Critical Qualitative Inquiry. Sage, 23(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800416681864
Fedrya, U. D. A., & Frinaldi, A. (2025). Building Environmental Governance Knowledge through Environmental Culture in Schools: The Role of the Adiwiyata Program. Journal of Educational Management Research, 4(6). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.61987/jemr.v4i6.1360
Flinders, M., Wood, M., & Cunningham, M. (2016). The politics of co-production: risks, limits and pollution. Evidence & Policy, 12(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1332/174426415X14412037949967
Frinaldi, A., Rezeki, A. P. T., Saputra, B., Salsabilla, D., Afdalisma, Mubarak, A., Nora, D., & Wilis, R. (2026). Co-production of resilient green infrastructure in urban river management through community participation and partnerships in Payakumbuh City, Indonesia. E3S Web of Conferences, 688. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202668806002
Gammelgaard, B. (2017). Editorial: the qualitative case study. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 8(24). https://doi.org/DOI 10.1108/IJLM-09-2017-0231
Gerlak, A. K., Guido, Z., Owen, G., McGoffin, M. S. R., Louder, E., Davies, J., & Al, E. (2023). Stakeholder engagement in the co-production of knowledge for environmental decision-making. World Development, 170. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2023.106336
Good, J. R. L., Singh, P., & Ezzedeen, S. (2023). Environmental Sustainability Strategy, Creativity, Innovation and Organizational Performance: The Role of Green Human Resource Management. American Business Review, 23(2). https://doi.org/10.37625/abr.26.2.475-502
Hamidah, N., Hidayat, T., Sriyati, S., & Gusti, U. A. (2024). Adiwiyata Certification: Introducing Sustainability through Green School and Education. EPHELS, 13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55549/ephels.116
He, B. (2018). Deliberative citizenship and deliberative governance: a case study of one deliberative experimental in China. Citizenship Studies, 22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2018.1424800
Hedlund, J., Nohrstedt, D., Morrison, T., Moore, M., & Bodin, Ö. (2023). Challenges for environmental governance: policy issue interdependencies might not lead to collaboration. Sustainability Science, 18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-022-01145-8
Hermawan, S., & Astuti, W. (2020). Penggunaan Penta Helix Model Sebagai Upaya Integratif Memerangi Sampah Plastik Di Laut Indonesia. Bina Hukum Lingkungan, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.24970/bhl.v5i2.164
Jager, N. W., Newig, J., Challies, E., & Kochskämper, E. (2020). Pathways to Implementation: Evidence on How Participation in Environmental Governance Impacts on Environmental Outcomes. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 30(3). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muz034
Peraturan Menteri LHK Nomor 52 Tahun 2019 Tentang Gerakan Peduli dan Berbudaya Lingkungan Hidup di Sekolah, (2019).
Knill, C., & Tosun, J. (2020). Public Policy: A New Introduction (2nd ed.). bloomsbury Publishing.
Kraft, M. E. (2021). Environmental policy and politics. taylorfrancis.com. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781003106265/environmental-policy-politics-michael-kraft
Lexy, J, M. (2017). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif (Edisi Revi). PT. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Mehta, L., Leach, M., & Scoones, I. (2025). Environmental Governance in an Uncertain World (Editorial). IDS Bulletin, 56(1A). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.19088/1968-2025.110
Mubarak, A, Frinaldi, A., Syamsir, Syolendra, D. F., Fitriyanti, W., T, A. P., & Rezeki. (2024). Community involvement in the development of nagari-based sustainable waste management. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1–7. https://doi.org/doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1414/1/012082
Mubarak, Adil, & Putri, N. E. (2020). Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management Policies in Padang Panjang City. Proceedings of the International Conference on Public Administration, Policy and Governance (ICPAPG 2019). https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200305.183
Mubarak, Adil, Saputra, B., Frinaldi, A., & Triono, A. (2022). Analysis of Ranjo Batu Community Perception of Unlicensed Gold Mining Activities on Environmental Quality. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1098(1), 012004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1098/1/012004
Muhammad Sibgatullah Agussalim, Ariana, A., & Saleh, R. (2023). Kerusakan Lingkungan Akibat Pertambangan Nikel di Kabupaten Kolaka Melalui Pendekatan Politik Lingkungan. Palita : Journal of Social Religion Research, 8(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24256/pal.v8i1.3610
Newig, J., Jager, N. W., Challies, E., & Kochskämper, E. (2023). Does stakeholder participation improve environmental governance? Evidence from a meta-analysis of 305 case studies. Global Environmental Change, 82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2023.102705
Parmiggiani, E., Karasti, H., Baker, K., & Botero, A. (2018). Politics in environmental research infrastructure formation: When top-down policy-making meets bottom-up fragmentation. blog.castac.org. http://blog.castac.org/2018/06/research-infrastructure/
R, R., Khalifatun, U. N., & Rahman, U. (2023). Penelitian Grounded Theory: Pengertian, Prinsip-Prinsip, Metode Pengumpulan Dan Analisis Data. EDU SOCIATA ( JURNAL PENDIDIKAN SOSIOLOGI ), 6(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33627/es.v6i2.1483
Roberts, J. (2010). Environmental Policy. Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203842836
Rofiah, C., & Bungin, B. (2024). ANALISIS DATA KUALITATIF: MANUAL DATA ANALISIS PROSEDUR. Develop, 8(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.25139/dev.v8i1.7319
Rome, S. H., & Hoechstetter, S. (2010). Social work and civic engagement: The political participation of professional social workers. J. Soc. & Soc. Welfare. https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/jrlsasw37%5C§ion=30
Truelove, H. B., & Gillis, A. J. (2018). Perception of pro-environmental behavior. Global Environmental Change, 49, 175–185. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2018.02.009
Turnhout, E., Metze, T., Wyborn, C., Klenk, N., & Louder, E. (2020). The politics of co-production: participation, power, and transformation. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 42. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2019.11.009
Utaya, S., & Wafaretta, V. (2021). The vision, mission, and implementation of environmental education of adiwiyata elementary school in Malang City. International Conference on Research Collaboration of Environmental Science, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/802/1/012048
Visseren-Hamakers, I. J. (2015). Integrative environmental governance: enhancing governance in the era of synergies. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 14. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2015.05.008
Widyaswar, M., Susilo, H., Susanto, S. F., & Riasah, F. (2024). Green Education Based On The Stage Learning Model To Build The Character Of Students In The Nature School. KOLOKIUM, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.24036/kolokium.v12i1.825
Wyborn, C. (2015). Co-productive governance: A relational framework for adaptive governance. Global Environmental Change, 30. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.10.009
Zhu, Y., & Li, G. (2025). Analyzing the evolution of environmental policy themes and governance stakeholder networks: A computational approach. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 5(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2025.100382
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Adil Mubarak, Aldri Frinaldi, Nora Eka Putri, Boni Saputra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Downloads
How to Cite
